الفهرس 
Embryology of the spleenOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 143 |  |  |
| | | from | 143 | | |
Abstract
The spleen has been considered as a useless organ with a long list of liberal indications for its removal and any consideration for surgical repair for even the most minor laceration was condemned as being hazardous. Subsequent to this initial report, a voluminous bibliography on the subject was published amid great controversy but with the initial general acceptance of over-whelming post-splenectomy sepsis (OPSS) as an entity that resulted in significant changes in surgical management, the development of new techniques designed to preserve splenic functions.
Clinical pathways now highlight both observation and operation as acceptable initial therapeutic options for the management of patients with splenic injury.
During the past decade, major changes have occurred in the management of splenic injury. The availability of computerized axial tomography (CT), heightened concern over transfusion risks, and improving methods for monitoring patients who are critically ill has influenced the surgeon’s approach to solid organ injury. Recognition of the spleen as an important component of the immune system has prompted surgeons to consider splenic preservation rather than uniformly proceeding to splenectomy, formerly the preferred method for management of splenic injury. Present-day algorithms delineating the initial management of splenic injury now highlight both observation and operation as acceptable initial therapeutic options in patients who are appropriately selected. A variety of operative techniques for salvaging injured spleens have been described, and splenorrhaphy is an accepted alternative to splenectomy when clinically feasible. Although clinical criteria for selecting non-operative management remain controversial, splenectomy appears to be increasingly reserved for the conditions of haemodynamic instability or anatomic injury beyond repair.
The purpose of this study was to describe the methods of diagnosis, injury severity and different techniques preserving spleen e.g. splenorrhaphy, partial splenectomy and auto-transplantation.