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Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Diamant was grown in two successive winter seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 in the Desert Research Center at EL-Sheikh Zowayed, North Sinai Governorate, to study the effect of organic-fertilizers, i.e., 70 kg N/fed. as a cattle and chicken manures (3 cattle : 1 chicken w/w), 70 kg N /fed. as a compost and 12 m3 chicken manure + 82 kg N + 46.5 kg P205 + 48 kg K2O / fed. (as a check), bio-fertilizer application (Biogeen + Phosphorine + Potassumag) and soil solarization on weed control, growth and yield of potato plant. The results indicated that soil solarization raised the average absolute soil temperature compared with non-solarized at 0, 5, 10 and 15 cm depth. Total fungi, pathogen fungi and total bacteria population decreased with solarized soil treated with organic treatments compared with non-solarized treatment. While the thermophilic bacteria increased by the solarized soil compared with non-solarized. The reduction of pathogen fungi population as a result of solarization was decreased with increasing soil depths. Also, solarization reduced significantly number, fresh and dry weight of broad-leaved, narrow-leaved and total weeds compared with non-solarized treatment. Soil solarization gave higher values of shoot fresh weight, average tuber size and plant yield compared with non-solarized treatment.
Using cattle manure increased shoot fresh weight, average tuber number, size and yield / plant compared with compost treatment. Check treatment gave the highest values compared with organic treatments. The most pronounced effect of the check treatment was increasing shoot length, shoot fresh weight, leaf number, total chlorophyll content, and tuber contents of dry matter, specific gravity, starch, protein and nitrate. Also the check treatment significantly increased N and K contents of shoot and tubers compared with cattle-and compost manure application. While bio-fertilizer application had no significant effects on all studied characters, except reducing tuber content of total protein and nitrate.