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Abstract
A total of 823 animals of the equines were inspected to point out the prevalent affections of the hoof. Number of the examined animals which had hoof disorders included 497 horses (60.4% ) , 242 donkeys (29.4 % ) mules (10.2%).
These animals were collected from, Army sport clubs in Cairo and Alexandria, Principle Veterinary hospital, Brook hospital for animal and Vet. clinic at Faculty of Vet. Med. Alex. University.
The obtained results could be summarized as the following. Horses represent 497 heads of total affected number of equine, 49 cases of acute laminitis,64 cases chronic laminitis ,84cases with sand crack, 82 cases with thrush 90 cases seedy toe, 5 cases with hyprgranulation tissue,25 cases with corn,3 cases with quitter,4 cases with canker,6 cases with inflammation of coronet,16 cases with elongation of the hoof, 54 cases with puncture wound of the sole,2cases with side bone, 2 cases with pedal osteitis, 3 cases with tumour of the hoof,3 cases with knuckling over, 4 cases with navicular disease and only one case with fracture of the phalanx.
In this study donkeys represent 242 heads of total affected number of equine, 29 cases of acute laminitis,37 cases chronic laminitis,46 cases with sand crack, 33 cases with thrush, 33 cases seedy toe,2 cases with hyprgranulation tissue, 17 cases with corn,1 cases with quitter,3 cases with inflammation of coronet, 9 cases with elongation of the hoof, 28 cases with puncture wound of the sole, 1 cases with tumour of the hoof,2 cases with knuckling at toe,1 cases with navicular disease.
In this study mules represent 84 heads of total affected number of equine, 12 cases of acute laminitis,16 cases chronic laminitis,17cases with sand crack, 13` cases with thrush 16 cases seedy toe, ,4 cases with corn, 6 cases with puncture wound of the sole.
Types and location of the affections of hoof in equine were recorded. The examined animals aged between 2-15 years old.
The surgical interventions in most cases were performed under the different types of anesthesia and tranquilizers as Rompun, Combelen, Procaine adrenaline and Chloral hydrate.
The prevalent affections among equine were, 90 cases of acute laminitis (10.9%), 117 cases chronic laminitis(14.2%),147cases with sand crack(17.8), 128 case with thrush(15.5%), 139 case seedy toe(16.8%) ,7 cases with hyprgranulation tissue(0.9%),46 cases with corn(5.6%),4 cases with quittor(0.5%),4 cases with canker(0.5%),9 cases with inflammation of coronet(1.1%),25 cases with elongation of the hoof(3%), 88 cases with puncture wound of the sole(10.7%),2cases with side bone(0.2%), 2 cases with pedal ostitis(0.2%),4 cases with tumour of the hoof(0.5%),5 cases with knuckling over(0.6%) ,5 cases with navicular disease (0.6%),only one case with fracture of the phalanx(0.1%),
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Hoof affections in equine were found to be mainly due to improper trimming and shoeing, malconformation of the feet unbalanced ration, hereditary factors, complications of punctured wound of the sole, corns and post parturant infection.
It is found that locality and nature of housing considered as important factors in causing hoof affections. For example thrush, seedy toe, and coronitis were common in the presence of muddy and moisture, while sand crack was present in dryness and moisture Seedy toe was usually observed also in unshoed animals.
There are especially two reasons why hoof care is important:
1. Draught animals are kept under man-made environments, often in confined quarters and quite wet conditions.
2. Additionally, they are used for work that makes higher demands on their hoofs than would have been the case if they had just moved around normally as they would when grazing. The limited accommodation and wet conditions counteract the normal wear and tear of the hoof and an animal kept under kraal or stable conditions without it receiving the correct hoof care, tends to develop hoof rot.