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Abstract
The area of interest (Ras El-Hekma), which is approximately 400 Km2 lies in the northern Mediterranean littoral region of the Western Desert of Egypt. It is in the form of a cape extending in the Mediterranean sea in the NS direction for about 20 Km. It is considered as a part from the northwestern coastal strip of Egypt and lies between latitudes 31o 06` & 31 o 15` N and Longitudes 27 o 40` & 27 o 54`E. The location of this area distinguished it with peculiar stratigraphic manifestations and structural implications. These, of course, reflect the effect of open tectonics of the sea and the restricted tectonics of the depression.
The rocks and loose sediments covering the studying area are related to Miocene and Quaternary. The sedimentary subsurface section of the study area ranges from Paleozoic to Recent.
In spite of the simple geological structures recorded on the surface by the Tertiary covered sediments. A more complex subsurface geology is present over the study area. Such a sedimentary cover is a part of the foreland deposits, which fringe the northern continental margin of the Afro-Arabian shield. A series of marine transgression and regressions took place along the area of interest, starting from the Cambrian till Tertiary time.