الفهرس 
acknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This thesis comprises three chapters. The first one deals with a general review on the paper manufacture, which is one of the largest industries in the civilized world. In this chapter a description of some of the main processes in the printing paper, production includes stock preparation, sheet formation, drying and calendaring. This chapter also includes definitions of Fluorescent Brightening Agents, its history, chemistry and application and further usage of Fluorescent Brightening Agents in cotton, polyester, wool, detergent and finally in paper industry.
The second chapter is devoted to include the different materials used. Mechanical and physical measurements used in this investigation are also described.
The third chapter is devoted to a detailed discussion of the results obtained throughout the work and contains six parts, the first part deals with the bleaching process which is the principle reason to obtain a brighter pulp, this was achieved in the case of chemical pulps through the removal of lignin, portion of the hemi cellulose and some other undesirable compounds, using calcium hypochlorite and NaOH with a different percent in a three steps process to produce a successful bleached pulp in this investigation for both bagasse and rice straw pulps according to the Egyptian standards properties of writing and printing papers.