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Abstract
The DNA based vaccination approach has rapidly developed since the early 1990s, when mouse cells were observed to express foreign antigens encoded by naked plasmid DNA that was injected intramuscularly. DNA immunization with plasmid encoding influenza a nucleoprotein resulted in the generation of nucleoprotein specific immunity and protection from a subsequent influenza infection. By DNA vaccination, the demonstration of generating protective immune response against various infections caused by a variety of pathogens indicated the possibility for clinical application of this immunization technique (Calarota et al., 1998).