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Abstract Neonatal jaundice affects 60% of full term infants and 80% of preterm infants in the first 3 days after birth. Jaundice should be considered non physiologic or pathologic if it occurs less than 24 hours after birth, if bilirubin levels rise at rate of greater than 5 mg/dl per day. Early diagnosis dramaticaly improves the chance of intact survival, innovations in the surgical management have improved the prognosis. Fortunately, a series of blood studies can indicate a diagnosis of infection, hematologic problems, metabolic diseases or genetic disorders many diagnostic methods which used to differentiate between surgical and non surgical cases of jaundice including, ultrasound HIDA scan, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP), duodenal aspiration analysis, and liver biopsy. |