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Abstract
The present investigation deals with the study of the water
quality by determination of temperature, Electrical Conductivity,
transparency, pH value, Chlorosity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand,
ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, alkalinity, calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, potassium, sulphate and heavy metals in water and
muscles of Clarias gar iep in us (Iron, Copper, lead and Cadmium). Also the study include assessment of blood glucose, hemoglobin, GOT and GPT of Clarias gariepinus inhabiting
this water. Moreover, estimation of iron, copper, lead and cadmium accumulation in muscles of the same selected fish. Histopathological examination were carried on that muscles. The water samples were collected from surface and over bottom
layers seasonally from Helwan, El-Kanater El-Khyria, Shobra
El-Khama, Rod El-Farag and El-Hawamdia during the year 2004. The fish samples were collected seasonally from Helwan
amd El-Kanater El-Khyria during the same period. The investigation revealed that, the water of Helwan, more polluted than El-Kanater El-Khria water. As well as the fish collected
from the polluted water suffering from many ’pathogen in blood (Higher glucose, liver enzymes and hemoglobin ) and several histopathological alterations in their liver and muscles such as : necrosis, Edema, degeneration, hemorrhage, hemolysis,
hemosidrin and fibrosis due to high levels of accumulation of iron, copper, lead and cadmium in their muscles So, we recommended trying to protect the river Nile water and its
aquatic animals (Fish) from the dangerous of pollution by
treatment of several types of wastes including industrial, agricultural and sewage before entrance the stream of river Nile water.