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Abstract
The main goal of this study is to The main goal of this study is to evaluate the aquifer potentiality
and developing land suitability map for the desert area surrounding the
flood plain of the River Nile in Sohag Governorate. The study area is
located between Longitudes 31o 13- 18= and 32o 36- 50= E and Latitudes
26o 6- 54= and 27o 9- 26= N. The area is distinguished into four main
geomorphological units including; the flood plain, the low desert zone,
the limestone plateau, and the transverse channels. The limestones
plateau bounding the study area from west and east, it is cut by different
drainage basins that drain their flash flood waters towards the valley.
These basins are grouped into the eastern plateau basins that include 30
basins and the western plateau basins, which include 32 basins. The study
area is built up of rock units of different ages. They belong to Eocene,
Pliocene, and the Quaternary. The area is dissected by few structural
elements represented mainly by faults and fractures.
Recently, the development in Sohag has expanded dramatically
towards the desert area surrounding the old cultivated lands. There are
many development projects including industrial zones, new urban areas,
wastewater disposal sites, new villages, and other projects have been
established in the desert areas. This is in addition to the uncontrolled
urbanization that had been taken place by the community. Most of these
projects depend mainly on the groundwater aquifer as the main source for
water. Therefore it was important to determine the groundwater aquifer
potentiality and the different impacts associated with the development of
the area. Therefore, comprehensive study was carried out to identify the
landuse suitability for different uses, flood hazard potentiality in the area,and the aquifer potentiality in the low desert areas, as well as the impact
of these factors on the future development.
The objective of this study could be summarized in the following
points.
1) Identify and mapping the landuse changes from 1956 till
present time, and to create suitable future maps for the forms of
development.
2) Assessment of the most vulnerable areas, quantify and prioritize
the major geo-environmental hazards, and to establish a flood
hazard map for Sohag using GIS (Geographic Information
System).
3) Establishing aquifer geographical distribution maps to
determine its potential in the area.
4) Evaluate the hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in
the area and assist its suitability for different uses.