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المستخلص
The prevalence of significant obesity continues to rise in both developed and developing countries. As a result, the anesthetist can expect to be presented frequently with obese patients in the operating theatre. An individual is considered obese when the amount of fat tissue is increased to such an extent their physical and mental health is affected.
The respiratory system is profoundly affected by obesity, starting from anatomical changes in the airway and ending with severe impairment of lung mechanics. All lung volumes are reduced with the resultant alteration in oxygenation and ventilation rendering these patients highly susceptible to hypoxemia during induction of anesthesia, respiratory failure following anesthesia and an increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications.
It should be well established that obese patients should receive prophylaxis against aspiration and deep venous thrombosis, with limiting the use of preoperative sedatives as their effects are exaggerated and can easily lead to airway obstruction and hypoxemia. So when used skilled personnel, supplementary oxygen and equipment for airway management must be available.