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Abstract
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) present problems for nany patients undergoing all types of procedures requiring general inaesthesia. It is one of the most common complications following inaesthesia and surgery. In addition to acute discomfort associated with smetic symptoms, it can delay patient discharge and can result in prolonged >ost-anaesthetic care unit stay or unexpected hospital admission.
The most serious complication of PONV is aspiration pneumonia / ;aused by the inhalation of vomitus. If the patient vomits on emerging from I inaesthesia when consciousness is still depressed and full laryngeal reflexes /
lave not yet returned, inhalation of the highly acidic vomitus can cause
J evere damage to the lungs.
While the incidence of aspiration of vomitus is relatively low (5%), it s vital that the anaesthetist should do every possible thing to prevent it ►coining as it is potentially fetal, causing up to 20% of anaesthetic deaths.
Attempts to prevent postoperative sickness date from the early days
f anaesthesia/Several drug classes have been described to be effective in j
it) lie management of postoperative sickness such as: anticholinergics, ^
ihenothiazines, butyrophenones, antihistamines, antidopaminergics and HT3 j
ntagonist^ Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, is an effective
ntiemetic when used for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and
omiting. The general antiemetic properties of the 5-HT3 receptor