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Abstract
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common gynecological endocrinopathy affecting 6–12% of premenopausal women.
Despite the diverse phenotypes, it is classically characterized by ovarian dysfunction (oligo-amenorrhea, anovulatory infertility) in conjunction with cardinal features of hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary morphology.
Emerging evidence suggests that PCOS should no longer be considered a purely gynecological disorder because of its predisposition to various cardiometabolic risk factors. These include obesity, glucose intolerance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hypertension.
The association of PCOS with dyslipidemia and the consequent increase in the long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases indicates that PCOS carries significant public health implications. PCOS women whether obese or non obese are usually associated with dyslipidemia, in the form of elevated serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and low high density lipoprotein (HDL). None of the lipid values is extreme. However, most heart attacks occur in women without extremely altered lipid values.