الفهرس 
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Abstract
The intravenous use of drugs to facilitate general anaesthesia is not new. An intravenous anaesthetic agent should produce rapid, smooth and safe induction of anaesthesia preferably in one arm-brain circulation time. Although many workers consider thiopentone as the standard Tor evaluating other drugs, it is by no means the ideal intravenous anaesthetic. No single intravenous drug of those currently available is considered to be an ideal anaesthetic. This provides the incentive for a continuous search for an ideal intravenous anaesthetic and have led to the introduction of various drugs over the pa3t 25 year3 that are chemically different from barbiturates.
The aim of this work was to study the use of thiopentone sodiu;n, ketanine hydrochloride and fentanyl each together with diazepam for induction of general anaesthesia. The study included the effects of these drugs on so rie vital signs in addition to the possibility of awareness as well as the possible occurrence of side effects.
This study was carried on forty five adult healthy patients of both sexes who were scheduled for elective surgical operations. All patients were uremedicated with
atropine sulphate intramuscularly thirty minutes before induction of anaesthesia.
Patients were studied in three equal groups as follov/3:-Group I : diazepam (0.2 mg / kg) + thiopentone (3-5 mg / kg). Gronp II : diazepam (0.2 mg / kg) + ketanine (1-2 mg / kg). Group III: diazepam (0.2 mg / kg) + fentanyl (10-15 ug / kg). Pancuronium bromide (0.06-0.1 mg / kg) was given to facilitate tracheal intubation.
Anaesthesia was maintained by the inhalation method using 70T*’ nitrous oxide in oxygen, supplemented intermittently by halotlianc (0.5 - 13).
The following parameters were studied :-Heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure: the.”*e were recorded 5 minutes before induction ’and every minute after induction for 5 minutes. Induction conditions v/ere observed and described as being smooth or atomy. In addition signs of sympathetic overactivity wore reported during operation.
Through postoperative interview, every patient was asked about: retrograde amnesia, intraoperative sensation of pain, hearing of sounds, intraoperative dreams. Post-operative emergence reactions and duration of extended postoperative analgesia were also reported.
Results obtained reyealed that :-Induction of anaesthesia was smooth with all patients,, Heart rate showed insignificant decrease and this became significant after 4-5 minutes in group I while in group II there was a significant increase in heart rate but in group III there was a significant decrease in heart rate. Blood pressure showed^ a significant decrease in group I, significant increase in group II, while in group III there was insignificant decrease that became significant after 2 minute3o
Signs of sympathetic overactivity were observed in patients of group II, and thi3 revealed that no patient experienced pain or sound intraoperatively but only one female patient in group II experienced a bed dream. However, the post-operative period was smooth in all paticntso Post-operative analgesia was better in group .III and absent in group I while in group II analgc observed for 30 - 60 minutes only with 4 patients
Pethidine 50 - 100 mg was sufficient to alleviate post-operative pain for all patients.