الفهرس 
ContentsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 189 |  |  |
| | | from | 189 | | |
Abstract
Land surveying is an ancient art but not one free of the error that often creep into the affairs of men(Igl.1976)In the long ago when land was plentiful and people wwere scarce an error or istake in a survey whether of a few centimeters or a few meters was of relatively little squence.However in the here and now when people are plentiful and land in scare the difference of a few centimeters in a metropolitan area can involve substantially values either won or lost and lost expections can ususally translated into money.Also the quick and consequent development in measuring and computation devices replaces the old technique by more accurate and faster ones.For these reasons the main task of this work is devoted to analyse and quantify the amount of error in curve setting out awing to the errors in survey measurements used in lay out procedures.