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Abstract
Cataract, opacity of the lens that impairs vision; is the leadingcause of blindness worldwide.
The child’s eye differs from that of an adult. Anatomically, thechild’s eye exhibits increased structural pliability with decreased rigidityof the sclera, leading to globe collapse during cataract extraction. Thiscollapse leads to operative complications. Optically, the child’s eye isgrowing and changing in refractive power, hence the difficulty inchoosing the implant power. Post-operatively, children exhibit moreactive inflammatory and fibrotic responses than adults. This leads tohigher incidence of synechia formation and posterior capsuleopacification. Children develop amblyopia if there is prolonged occlusionof clear vision during the critical period of visual development.
Because of the above-mentioned peculiarities in children, thesurgical technique should be modified to avoid or decrease difficultiesand complications encountered in pediatric cataract extraction.
Primary intra-ocular lens implantation in children is a promisingmethod for aphakic correction. Improvements of the surgical techniquesand the manufacturing of the intra-ocular lenses, broadened the scope of
indications of the procedure. In spite of that, the topic is stillcontroversial as regards the biocompatibility of the intra-ocular lensmaterial, style, power, site of implantation and the preferred technique forcataract removal.