الفهرس 
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Abstract
This work was planned to evaluate the results of treatment of the simple displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children by closed reduction and percutaneous pinning versus open reduction and internal fixation according to which the patients of this work was divided into groups. The patients of group I were treated by closed reduction and percutaneous kirschner wire fixation using either medial lateral pins or two lateral pins the patient of group II were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using midline posterior approach.
The material of this study included 50 cases of simple displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus divided into two groups consist of 25 cases selection was alternating one by one.
The age of the patients ranged between 2 years and 12 years with a mean (6.01 2.18) years.
There were 36 boys (72%) and 14 girls (28%) with a ratio of about 2.5:1. In group I included 17 boys (68%), 8 girls (32%). In group II included 19 boys (76%) and 6 girls (24%).
All cases of the material were examined clinically and radiologically there were 49 cases (98%) of extension type and 1 case (2%) of flexion type and were included in group II.
The left elbow was affected in 34 patient 68% and the right elbow was affected in 16 patient (32%).
The tie lapse before surgery ranged between one day to 5 days with an average of 3 days.
In all cases the wires were removed with plaster slab after 3 weeks of surgery follow up period ranged between (6 to 12 months) with an average of 9 months.
Cases of group I gained excellent results larlier. Than those of group II but at the end of follow up of al cases of the material the difference between the results of both groups were statistically in significant.
Group I patients gave over all results
17 patients with excellent results (68%)
5 patients with good results (20%)
3 patients with unsatisfactory results (12%)
Group II patients gave over all results
10 patients with excellent results (40%)
6 patients with good results (24%)
9 patients with unsatisfactory results (36%)
It’s expected that with longer follow up period the results will improve in both group, and the difference in results will become more and more in significant different factors were correlated to the results and they revealed that the younger the age, the earlier the treatment, and the more perfect the reduction of the fracture the better were the results also the longer the period of follow up the better were the results.
The complications encountered in this study were
• 2 patients of group I had difficulty closed reduction and the open reduction was the line of treatment.
• 2 patients of group I had ulnar nerve injury. One case of group II had ulnar nerve injury.
• 4 patients of group I had pin tract infection.
• 5 patients of group II develop the same picture.
• All cases cleared from infection within 10 days after removal of the wires.
• 2 patients of group II had superficial wound infection.
• 4 patients of group II had hypertrophic scar.
• Limitation of movement and change in carrying angle were responsible for the unsatisfactory results.