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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver as it accounts for 90% of primary liver cancers and causes at least 1 million deaths world-wide per year. It is the 5th most common cancer in the world and the 4th in annular mortality. Liver cirrhosis is found in the majority of cases which not only a major problem for achieving successful treatment but also promoting intrahepatic invasion and metastases of HCC.
There are many risk factors in addition to liver cirrhosis, hepatitis C viral infection (HCV), Hepatitis B-viral infection (HBV) Hemochromatosis, chronic alcoholism and Aflatoxin. Diagnosis of HCC can be assessed by means of one or more imaging modalities (ultrasonography, triphasic CT, and magnetic resonance image MRI), in addition to elevated serum level of Alfa-Feto protein (AFP) above the diagnostic value (500 ng/ml).
Unfortunately, most HCC (about 50%) discovered in a late stage (unresectable). The prognosis of HCC remains relatively poor despite of the intense efforts for the development of novel treating modalities.
The present study comprised 50 patients with HCC. Each patient was subjected to history taking, clinical examination, full laboratory investigations (CBC, LFT, KFT, PT, PC and INR, AFP serum level, viral markers),