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Abstract
Abstract
Fishes ,water samples and sediment samples used in the study were collected from two different sites in the lake. The fishes were subjected to external examination ,x-ray examination, post-mortem and parasitological examination.Moreover water, sediment and fish were analyse tissue for detection of heavy metals. The skeletal anomalies observed in Oreochromis niloticus represented as deformed jaw, unequal, fusion of anal &dorsal fins, Bird like head, vertebral deformities,hard structure at anal opening, and deformed mandible (new case, projection the bone of the mandible laterally and the ventral surface of the mandible become larger than normal). In case of Tilapia zillii, bending of the operculum appeared in all cases and in case of Liza ramada , deformities in spinal column(vertebral fusion ).All cases of deformity except in bird like head appeared in males of Oreochromis niloticus, Tilapia zillii, and Liza ramada.There’s no evidence about effected deformed fishes with infectious and invasive disease. water analysis revealed that ,the presence of lead, nickel, manganese and cadmium exceeded the permissible limits while the level of copper and zinc in the examined water samples were within the permissible limits. The concentration level of cadmium and lead in muscle of Oreochromis niloticus ,Tilapia zillii and Liza ramada exceeded the permissible limits.The possible causes associated with fish anomalies in El-Temsah lake may be heavy metals.