الفهرس 
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION AND THE AIM OF THE WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Results:
There was a significant difference between the systolic and diastolic BP in both groups (p=0.01 and 0.03 respectively). Protein in 24 hours collected urine was significantly higher in group 1 than that of group 2 (p=0.001). Both BUN and serum creatinine levels in group 1 were insignificantly differ from the controls (group 2) (both p>0.05).
This study showed significant decreased levels of ADM in plasma, colostrum, and mature milk of preeclamptic lactating mothers compared to those of healthy lactating mothers (all p<0.001).
Also there was significant decreased levels of NO in plasma, colostrum, and mature milk of preeclamptic lactating mothers compared to those of healthy lactating mothers (p=0.001, 0.01 and 0.01 respectively).
There was significant decreasing of the levels of both ADM and NO across the plasma, the colostrum, and the mature milk in both preeclamptic (p= 0.001 and 0.0001 respectively) and healthy lactating mothers (both p=0.0001).
The study showed negative correlation between either of plasma ADM and NO levels in preeclamptic lactation mothers with systolic blood pressure (r=-0.712 and -0.831; p= 0.001 and 0.0001 respectively) and with diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.695 and -0.736 respectively; both Ps=0.001). There was no significant correlation between plasma ADM and NO with proteinuria (p=0.02 and 0.1 respectively) or with both BUN (both p>0.05) and serum creatinine (both p>0.05).
Also it illustrated positive correlations between ADM and NO levels in plasma r=0.860 and p=0.0001), colostrum (r=0.860 and p=0.001) and mature milk (r=0.750 and p=0.02) in preeclamptic lactating mothers.
Conclusion:
From the results of this study, we concluded that both ADM and NO have important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Also the preeclampsia may cause decrease of the levels of both ADM and NO in colostrum and mature milk of preeclapmtic lactating mothers. The infants of preeclamptic mothers will lose the advantages of the important physiological roles of both ADM and NO on growth, immunity, and vascular tone.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Considering the important effects of ADM and NO, it would be interesting to follow these patient’s children regarding the tendency of infections, growth and development, the rate of mortality, and other short and long term outcomes.
Because the presence of ADM and NO in human milk, could be relevant for human health, further investigation is required to find any evident progression in the ADM and NO levels during the lactation period.
The real biologic significance of ADM and NO in human milk must be established in future studies and the demonstration of its effects on the offspring should be known. However, at this juncture, it is possible to speculate that the presence of the active peptide ADM and NO in milk could have some direct impact
in the development of the neonate due to the several physiological activities that have been associated to these substances.
Further research will be necessary to elucidate clearly the levels and the role of ADM and NO in human breast milk of preeclamptic lactating mothers and the
effects on the level of ADM and NO in neonatal plasma simultaneously which probably reflects the levels of ADM and NO in plasma and human breast milk of the preeclamptic lactating mothers. Also we need to know the time at which the levels of ADM and NO in breast milk of preeclamptic lactating mothers return to the normal levels. In the future studies, the therapeutic roles of both ADM and NO in preeclampsia and neonates and young infants of preeclamptic mothers must be established.