الفهرس 
Introduction and Aim of the WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aim of the Work
This study aims to
1. Investigate the long-term effects of organophosphorus pesticides on the nervous system.
2. Comparing abnormalities on neurological examinations, neuropsychological assessment and neurophysiological testing between groups of workers directly exposed to organophosphates and an unexposed group.
Summary and conclusion
The principle findings of this study were
1) The neurological symptoms (Asthenia, headache, vertigo, dizziness, blurring of vision, numbness and tingling) are more frequent in the directly exposed group than other groups and the most frequent symptoms are dizziness and blurring of vision which were present in 7 subjects (23.33%).
2) The neurological signs (superficial sensory lose, deep sensory lose, decrease or lost ankle reflex, decrease or lost deep reflexes, muscle weakness and trophic changes) are more frequent in directly exposed group than the other group
3) General signs and symptoms (abdominal, respiratory, topical and sexual) were not showing significant differences between groups.
4) There is prolonged latency of P300 in directly exposed group than the other groups but the difference is not statistically significant.
5) Auditory evoked potential demonstrated that there is statistically significant difference between the directly exposed group and that of the control group in the latency of L3, L4, L5 in both right and left sides and there is statistically significant difference between direct and indirect exposed groups in L4, L5 of both right and left sides
6) Visual evoked potential showing that there statistically significant difference in the latency of binocular VEP (P=0.000)
7) Mini-mental state examination, Wechsler memory scale and Beck depression inventory showed that there were decrease in different components of them than different groups.
8) There is statistically significant difference between direct and indirect exposed group in different neuropsychological tests
In conclusion the prolonged low level exposure to the organophosphorous compound can affect the nervous system, and this appear in the directly exposed people via formulation or handling of this compounds and this appear in increasing the frequencies of neurological and general signs and symptom, also in different neurophysiological and neuropsychological testing.
Many of the social and economic pressures that apply to farmers, who often work under extreme stress and in isolated communities, has meant that it has not yet been possible to conclusively show an association between OP use at low doses and chronic neurological damage.
Clearly high doses of OPs are potentially toxic, but a no effect level has yet to be established. Present evidence suggests that if OP insecticides do have an effect at low dose this is small, is likely to be in some way related to exposure to the chemicals themselves, and for this reason the most important public health measure is to protect individual operatives by reducing the overall use of OP insecticides where possible and when this is not practicable, by using appropriate personal protective equipment. Claims have been made that organophosphates have other toxicological effects, including increased risk of cognitive changes, nervous affection.