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Abstract
In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate effect of flunixin meglumi (prostaglandin inhibitor) or GnRH administration at day 14 post insemination on concepti rates and progesterone levels of cows and heifers. Influence of heat stress on conception ra’ and progesterone levels in treated and untreated animals was the second aim of this study. br Experiment 1 (heat stress) br A 29 normal parturient lactating Holstein cows with a good general health conditi and good body condition score (BCS) were used in this experiment. The cows we regularly cycling and free from any reproductive disorder. This experiment was conducted dairy farm located 90 kilometers south east Alexandria in a period from July 7 to August 2 2008. In this period cows were subjected to heat stress and THI was 82.8 at that time. Estr was synchronized by PGF2ct injection. Cows detected to be in true estrus were artificial inseminated using proved good quality frozen semen. At day 14 post insemination, co were randomly divided into three groups to receive their treatments. br Group 1: br Cows (n 12) in this group were injected (i/rn) with 1.1 rng/k of body weight from flunix meglumine (flunixin meglumine base 50 mg/mI of flamicure with a dose of 1.1 mg of Fl base//kg of body weight which was equivalent to 2.2m1 of flamicure /100 kg body weigi Pharma Swede Egypt l0t of Ramadan city- B3). br Group 2: br Cows (n7) in this group were injected (i/rn) with synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormon GnRH (buserelin acetate 0.0042mg equivalent to0.OO4mg buserelin! ml of Receptal R whic given with a dose of 5m1/cow Intervet International B.V. Boxmeer, Holland) br Group 3: br Cows (n=10) in this group were left without any treatment and used as control group br Experiment 2(no heat stress) br A 31 sexually mature balady heifers with average age of 2.5 year and 20 Holsteii dairy cows with good general health condition and good body condition score (BCS) wen used in this experiment. The animals were regular cycling and free from any reproductiv disorders. This experiment was conducted in the research farm of the faculty of veterinar medicine, Alexandria University in a period from October 2 to November 18, 2008. In thi period, animals were not subjected to heat stress. The temperature humidity index was 68.5 Estrus was synchronized by PGF2ct injection. Cows detected to be in true estrus wer artificially inseminated using proved good quality frozen semen. At day 14 pos insemination, cows were randomly divided into three groups to receive their treatment. br Group 1: br Heifers (n=1 5) in this group were injected (i/rn) (flunixin meglumine base 50 mg/mI 0: br flamicure R with a dose of 1.1 mg of FM base//kg of body weiht which was equivalent tc 2.2m1 of flamicure /100 kg body weight Pharma Swede Egypt lOt of Ramadan city- B3). br Group 2: br Heifers (n=8) in this group were injected (i/rn) with synthetic gona4otropin releasin hormone GnRH (buserelin acetate 0.0042mg equivalent to0.OO4mg buserelin! ml o: br Receptal’ which given with a dose of 5m1/heifer Intervet International B.V. Boxmeer Holland). br Group 3: br Heifers (n=8) in this group were left without any treatment and used as control group. br Cows (n=10) in this group were injected (i/rn) with (flunixin meglumine base 50 mg/mi ç flamicure R with a dose of 1.1 mg of FM base//kg of body weiht which was equivalent U 2.2m1 of flamicure /100 kg body weight Pharma Swede Egypt 1 Ot of Ramadan city- B3). Group 5: br Cows (n 10) in this group were left without any treatment and used as control group. br Blood samplinj’ br Blood samples were collected from all animals in both experiments at day 14 (immeci before the treatments) ,day 16, day 18 and day 21 post insemination then, centrifuged at 3..... xg for 20 minutes to separate serum. Serum was placed in small plastic tubes and stored at - 20 c until analyzed. br Pregnancy diagnosis br Pregnancy diagnosis was applied after 30 days from Al by using transrectal ultrasound and then by rectal palpation for these cows after 45-60 days from Al. br Progesterone analysis br The previously collected blood serum samples were analyzed for estimation of progesterone concentration. This was performed in the central laboratory of the faculty of veterinary medicine of Alexandria university by using FERTIGENIX-PROG-EASIA (EALISA, enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative measurement of progesterone in serum and plasma (96 determinations) (BioSource Europe S.A. 8, Rue de l’Industrie B-1400 Nivelles — Belgium). br Statistical analysis br Data was analyzed by using general linear model (GLM). Chi-square analysis was performed br using statistical analysis system (SAS, 2002). br Results of the present study indicated that: br • Flunixin meglumine administration caused highly significant (p-lt;O.Ol) increase of br conception rate by 30 % in non heat stressed cows. br • Irrespective of effect of environmental stress, conception rate after flunixin meglumine br injection was significantly (p-lt;O.O 1) higher than conception rate ii untreated cows. br • Irrespective of effect of environmental stress, conception rate in all treated animals with br FM was significantly (p-lt;O.O5) higher than conception rate in all non treated animals. br • Flunixin meglumine administration significantly did not improve conception rate of heat br stressed cows and non heat stressed heifers. br • GnRH administration resulted in a significant (p-lt;0.05) increase of conception rate by br 17.14 % in cows subjected to heat stress. br • Irrespective of effect of environmental stress, conception rate after GnRI-I injection in all br treated animals was significantly (p-lt;0.05) higher than conception rate in untreated animals. br • In heifers, GnRH administration resulted in an increase in conception rate in cows by br 12.5%. However, this increase was insignificant compared to control. br • Despite heat stress resulted in decrease in conception rate of untreated cows by 10%, this br decrease was insignificant. - br • In conceived animalsç. mean serum progesterone concentrations slightly and gradually br increased from day 14 to day 21. This increase occurred in all groups (treated and untreated). br • In non conceived animals, mean serum progesterone concentrations started to be declined br at day 18 post insemination and its decline (basal level) was more obvious at day 21 post br insemination. This decline was observed in all groups (treated and untreated).