الفهرس 
Chapter 1 : IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In this modern age of industrial competition, a successful engineer needs more than a knowledge and under standing of the fundamental sciences and the related engineering subjtects.
The engineer must also have the ability to apply this knowledge to practical situation for the purpose of accomplishing somthing that with beneficial to society.
Oil, as the main source of energy was made use of by the consuming countries specially the Industrial without giving any care to the reasonable benefit to the producing countries. Due to that, cost of energy was very low, and nobady cares about energy saving. Situation was completely changed after 1973 crisis, and the new situation has its impact on refinery plant design and operation.