الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Emissions to air originating from shipping have oeen estimated in a number of studies with varying results. Although the actual level is unclear, the contribution of ships to global emissions can be roughly indicated in the range:
Nitrogen Oxides 10-20%, Carbon dioxide 2-4% and Sulphur Oxides 4-8%. There is no doubt that emissions from ships is increasing rapidly, the reason for this is principally the growth in world trade and the increased speed in certain segments. The relative contribution of ships to local and global emissions is also increasing since emissions from land bases sources are reduced or grow at a slower pace. Studies show that the relative contribution of emissions from ships will continue to increase unless actions are taken. Therefore, some of the new technologies are carried out for this issue but until now they are very costly.
The thesis handled different methods of marine air pollution reduction through analyzing various marine power plants which play a major role in exhaust gases emitted from ships. Research showed that marine diesel engines are considered the best of them from power rating and efficiency point of views. In addition, the thesis studied both traditional and future marine fuels regard properties, availability and performance. Thus, a lot of challenges facing the traditional types appeared specially which are related to IMO regulations and the fuel prices. On the other hand, the research cleared obviously the friendship between the future marine fuels & the environment, despite the fact that some of these fuels are still facing economical & storage problems.
Thus, the main objective of the thesis is searching for the optimum selection of marine fuel types regards the environment and economic issues and studying the availability and adoptability of it for both engine and ship types.
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