الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aim of the work
To evaluate the efficiency of bone marrow to form bone in some orthopedic disorders.
Conclusion
The marrow cells can be concentrated using simple centrifugation, unit gravity sedimentation or isopyknic centrifugation.
The use of composite grafts improves the ability of the marrow grafts to fill bone defects. They include demilitarized bone matrix, collagen and ceramic composites such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, calcium sulphate and bioglasses.
Bone marrow grafting offers advantages. Because this method is relatively simple, less invasive and can be done on an outpatient basis, it is also cost effective. Complications from the donor and the recipient sites are significantly low. These complications include discomfort at the donor site for one to two days after multiple needle aspirations, failure of response of the fracture because of persistent mobility and a large fracture defects. It should be pointed out, however that bone marrow alone, because of its liquid nature, lacks the immediate mechanical integrity necessary for many types of fracture reconstructions. In addition marrow is difficult to handle and runs a significant risk of leaching a way from the fracture site.