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Abstract
The most common lower respiratory tract infections in children include bronchiolitis and pneumonia, So the current study aimed to determine the effect of feeding individual and mixture of carotenoids (beta-carotene and lycopene) on nutritional status of infants and children with pneumonia,The study was carried out at Bab El-Sha’reya, Al-Azhar University Hospital, at Pediatric Department. Infants and children who admit the hospital for treatment and meet the inclusion criteria were enrolled into the study (27 boys and 13 girls) their age ranged from 6 months to 36 months. They were classified into 4 groups (10 for each) as follow; (1) Positive control group:. (2) Beta-carotene group, in which infants and children receive hospital diet plus 15 mg β-carotene. (3) Lycopene group: in which infants and children, receive hospital diets plus 15 mg lycopene. (4) Mixture group: in which infants and children receive hospital diets plus 7.5 mg lycopene and 7.5 mg β-carotene. All groups received their diet for 14 consecutive days. data about Socioedemographic status, condition of delivery and development, nutritional status, pattern feeding, Food intake, and blood indices were collected from each infant and child. .Finally the Statistical Analysis were performed.The results showed that, the majority of studied subjects were boys, and most of them were from urban areas, in average weight, full term in maturity.
There were no significant differences between studied groups in relation to respiratory rate before intervention in the two age groups (6-12 months and more than 12 months). There were no significant differences between studied groups in relation to body weight, body height, head circumference, hemoglobin, and hematocrit between studied groups. The dietary intervention resulted in significant p<0.05 decrement of WBC count of mixture group while there was no significant differences between subject groups in lymphocyte count before intervention. The mean value of IgG for beta-carotene group was significantly lower than other groups. There was significant differences between studied subjects in IgE before intervention. There were no significant differences between studied groups in relation to energy, animal protein, total protein, animal fat, total fat, carbohydrate and fiber between studied groups. There was significant differences between studied groups in relation to intake of phosphor, and also there was significant differences p<0.5 between positive control group and lycopene group in relation to the intake of animal iron, total iron and also zinc. There were no significant differences between studied groups in relation to vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin c, b6, b12 and also folate between studied groups. Conclusion Supplementation with beta-carotene, lycopene or both tends to shorter the recovery time from pneumonia among infants and children 6-36 months.