الفهرس 
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Abstract
Aim of the study
1- Reviewing anatomy, physiology, histology and pathology of the inferior turbinate.
2- Diagnosis and management of ch.hypertrophic rhinitis.
3- Laser: biophysics and applications.
4- The use of CO2 laser in reducing the size of inferior turbinate.
5- To collect recent data about the effectiveness of CO2 laser in treating cases of ch.hypertrophic rhinitis.
These data will be compared to data obtained from investigators using other modalities.
Conclusion
The main advantages of CO2 laser turbinectomy over surgical turbinectomy are:
1- Marked homeostasis lessened intraoperative bleeding.
2- Minimal postoperative pain and discomfort.
3- Applicability to all ages.
4- Minimal hospitalization.
5- Could be done under local anesthesia.
6- No nasal pack is needed postoperatively.
However its main disadvantages are:
1- UN economic cost.
2- The long duration of the procedure.
3- The long lag period of the laser safety measures is mandatory to avoid laser hazards.
4- Strict following of the laser safety measures is mandatory to avoid laser hazards.
Co2 laser turbinectomy is very suitable for hypertrophied inferior turbinate that are not huge enough to touch the septum, however, for huge inferior turbinate touching the septum, the duration of the procedures increases, the incidence of relief of nasal obstruction decreases and the incidence of complications increases.
Co2 laser turbinectomy would replace the operation of submucosal diathermy in dealing with turbinate that are not huge enough to touch the septum because laser surgery has got less complication and gives more permanent results.