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Abstract
Diabetes is not a single disease but a genetically and clinicall heterogeneous group of disorders that share carbohydrate intolerance in common. Diabetes mellitus still represents an important medical problem during pregnancy. causing perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite improved outcome reflected by a step decline in perinatal mortality over the past few decades, controversy still exists regarding the care of the pregnant women with both preexisting and gestational diabetes mellitus. Pregnancy is diabetogenic as the human placental lactogen.
prolactin, oestrogen, progesterone and cortisol antagonize insulin reducing number and sensitivity of insulin receptors in target cells and irisulinaze enzyme destroying insulin, so playa role. The identification of women with gestational” diabetes mellitus is highly dependent on efficient screening procedures during pregnancy particularly in the second half of gestation when incidence rate increases due to the progressive increase in insulin resistance. A commonly used screening method is based on historical risk factors in combination with characteristics of the ongoing pregnancy to identify women at risk and then concentrating on the diagnostic effect on them. Women with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus are more susceptible to have large babies than those of controlled DM. so, maternal antenatal care and regular insulin intake will decrease the incidence of macrosomic babies in diabetic pregnancies. Control of diabetes by diet, daily exercise and insulin if necessary. Oral hypoglycemic agents are not used because they cross the placenta, cause severe hypoglycemia in the newborn and may be teratogenic. Diet should supply 30-35 kcal/kg of ideal body weight: 500;;, carbohydrates, 20% proteins and 30% fats. The mechanical methods for contraception (condom diaphragm) and
sterilization (male and female) are the best.The Aim Of The Work Is To Study Diabetes With Pregnancy, To Spot Light This SomeWhat Common Problem, How To Detect At Earlier Stge And To Minimize Its Complications.