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Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the seventh most common cancer
worldwide (Samaratunga, 2005). In the Western world, BC is the
fourth most common malignancy in men and the eighth most
common in women (Kirkali et al. 2006). In Arab World, frequency
of BC represents 10% for males and 2.29% in female (Elattar,
2005). In Egypt, as example BC is the first most common
malignancy in men with a percentage of 14.8% and the seventh
most c,?mmon cancer in women with a percentage of 3.75% (Nel,
2005).
Approximately 95% of all bladder neoplasms are epithelial
tumors and 80-90% of these differentiate as transitional cell
(urothelial) lesions (Murphy et al., 2004 and Blaveri et al., 2005).
More than 80% of urothelial tumors are superficial papillary tumors
(Meijden, 1998 and Knowles, 2001). Of these tumors, 70-75%
are mucosally confined (PTa) (Helpap et al., 2003).
Although most of urothelial tumors are mucosally confined
tumors (PTa), it is obvious that there is no universally acceptable
classification system that could be used effectively by urologists,
pathologists and oncologists.