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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is still a common complication following heart surgery, occurring in up to 40% of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and in more than 50% of patients who undergo heart valve operations. The possibilities of hemodynamic instability and thromboembolism necessitate the initiation of antiarrhythmic and anticoagulant therapy. Despite early initiation of therapy, AF can increase post-bypass morbidity and mortality. AF can also prolong intensive care unit and hospital stay and further increase resource utilization, in addition to reflecting the severity of a patient’s clinical condition. AF worsens patient’s hemodynamic status and increases the risk of congestive heart failure and stroke. AF may also necessitate the use of atrioventricular nodal blocking agents, which may increase the need for cardiac pacing.