الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
This review aims to discuss the nasal CPAP (NCPAP) as a future mode of ventilation in the NICU and to highlight its structure, indications, limitations and complications.
Respiratory distress is one of the most common presenting problems in the newborns and also it is the commonest neonatal emergency. It may present with varying degree of tachypnea, retractions, grunting, cyanosis, lethargy and tachycardia. The spectrum of mechanical support for neonatal respiratory failure has widened substantially over the past few years. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and time-cycled, pressure-limited intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) became the primary treatment modalities for a quarter of a century, until the technologic breakthroughs introduced high-frequency ventilation (HFV) and advanced ventilatory techniques into neonatal intensive care. Philosophies of respiratory management differ widely, even in highly developed countries. Some institutions favor a very conservative approach to treatment, whereas others are more aggressive in their strategies. Treatments range from the relatively noninvasive CPAP to the most invasive, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
Keywords
• Anatomical and physiological principles of neonatal respiratory system.
• Lung mechanics and technical view.
• Historical view and background of mechanical ventilation.
• Indications for assisted ventilation.
• Types and classification of mechanical ventilation.
• Noninvasive neonatal mechanical ventilation.
• Conventional neonatal mechanical ventilation.
• Non conventional and new trends in neonatal mechanical ventilation.
• Complications and weaning from mechanical ventilation.