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Abstract
In the last decade, the wireless communication revolution has spawned a revival of interest in the design and optimization of radio transceivers. Recently, battery-operated wireless communi- cation has become popular for many applications. The emergence of extremely low-cost wireless communication nodes with battery lifetimes extending over years is expected to usher in a new generation of wireless control and monitoring applications that were inconceivable in the past.
For example, low-rate wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN) is a low-complexity network optimized for low-power short range applications which require extremely lowpower so as to last for years without battery recharge or replacement. Due to the technology scaling, the digital part of the transceiver is continuously enhancing in performance (faster, and/or more importantly lower power), yet the power consumption of the RF front-end (as the case with most analog circuits) has not scaled down so dramatically. In this thesis, we present several ideas to help lowering the power consumption of three most power consuming blocks of an RF transceiver fron-end namely;
the frequency divider, the power ampli er, and the local oscillator.
All designs are implemented on TSMC 0.13m 1P8M, UTM CMOS-RF process, and most of them are veri ed on the layout level. In the frequency divider section, the prescaler has to operate at the RF frequency and thus consumes a lots of power. The thesis focuses on the use of injection locking techniques
to help lowering the power consumption of the prescaler achieving Figure Of Merit (FOM) over 150 GHz=mW. As for the power ampli er, maximizing the eciency is a key factor in lowering the overall power consumption of the transceiver. In the thesis, we present a high eciency (over 50%) compact, integrated, and inductor-less class-D RF power ampli er. The third component
is the local oscillator, which also consumes signi cant portion of the front-end power. Here, our focus is on the possible use of an Automatic Amplitude Control loop (AAC loop) to continuously keep the oscillator running at the lowest amount of current, with the smallest possible supply voltage, but at the same time maintaining a high gure of merit (around 184dB).