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Abstract
The present study was carried out on 100 of Mugil cephalus and 100 of Mugil capitus collected randomly from Port Said.
The results are summarized as follow:
1- The main clinical signs revealed present of whitish creamy cyst on the scales of some fishes, slight emaciation and swimming near the water surface, isopoda attached to the caudal fin with sever ulceration, abrasions, sliminess and erosion at area of attachment.
2- The postmortem findings were manifested as present of whitish creamy cyst on the intestinal mesentery, liver, gill arch and gill filament. Gill tips were sticking with grayish coloration and excessive mucus secretion. Stomach and intestine showed congestion, enlargement, thickening and inflammation of their walls.
3- Prevalence of parasitic infection was (69%). the high percentage was recorded in M. cephalus (70%) while the lower prevalence was in M. capitus (68 %).
4- The isolated parasites were:
Myxosporia spp.: The total myxosporia infestation among the examined fishes was (14%). It was (21%) in M. cephalus and (7%) in M. capitus
Gill monogeneans: The total monogeneans infestation among the examined fishes was (7%). It was (3%) in M. cephalus by (Dactylogyridae sp.). and (11%) in M. capitus by (Gyrodactylidae sp.).
Digenetic trematodes: The total prevalence was (52%) as the infestation rate in examined M. cephalus was (53%) by (Podocotyle atomon and Cainocreadium laracis), while was (51%) by (Hamacreadium mutabile) among examined M. capitus.
Protozoa infestation: The total protozoa infestation (Trichodineasis) among the examined fishes was (5.5%). It was (7%) in M. cephalus and (4%) in M. capitus.
Crustacean infestation: The total crustacean infestation among the examined fishes was (7%). It was (10%) in M. cephalus by Caligus spp and (4%) in M. capitus by (Caligus spp and Nirocila spp.).
Nematode infestation: the total prevalence of nematode infestation among the examined fishes was (0.5%) by (Cucullanus barbei). It was detected only among examined M. cephalus fish with prevalence (1%).
5- The seasonal prevalence of parasitic infestation among M. cephalus and M. capitus was the highest in autumn and winter 78% for each and the lowest in summer 58%. In M. cephalus the highest percentage was 88% in autumn and the lowest was 44% in summer, in M. capitus the highest percentage was 92% in summer and the lowest in spring 36%.
6-The seasonal prevalence of myxosporia among M. cephalus and M. capitus was the highest in spring 28% and the lowest in summer 0%, In M. cephalus the highest was in spring 56% and in M. capitus it was recorded in autumn only with percentage 28%.
7-The seasonal prevalence of monogenetic trematodes among M. cephalus and M. capitus was the highest in autumn 22% and the lowest in summer 0%, In M. cephalus it was 4% in autumn, winter and Spring for each while it was the highest in autumn 40% in M. capitus.
8-The seasonal prevalence of digenean parasites among M. cephalus and M. capitus was the highest in winter 62% and the lowest in spring 42%, In M. cephalus the highest was in spring 64% and the lowest in summer 72%. In M. capitus the highest was in summer 72% and the lowest in spring and winter 32% for each.
9-The seasonal prevalence of protozoal infestation among M. cephalus and M. capitus, the highest was in winter 12% and the lowest in spring 0%. In M. cephalus the highest was in spring 16% and in M. capitus it was recorded in winter only with percentage 16%.
10-The seasonal prevalence of crustacean infestation among M. cephalus and M. capitus was the highest in winter 16% and the lowest in summer 0%, In M. cephalus the highest was in winter 20% In M. capitus the highest was in winter 12%.
11-Regarding the seasonal prevalence of nematodes, it was only observed in M. cephalus in winter with a frequency of 4%.
12- In the examined M. cephalus, there is a negative correlation between digenetic trematodes and length of M. cephalus, while it was positive correlation between myxosporean, crustacean infestation and length of M. cephalus
13- In the examined M. capitus, there is a negative correlation between digenetic trematodes and length of M. capitus, while it was positive correlation between myxosporean infestation and length of M. capitus.
14- There is a positive correlation between monogenean, myxosporean, crustacean infestation and weight of M. cephalus.
15- There is a no correlation between parasitic infestation and weight of M. capitus.
16- The histopathological changes due to myxosporial infection in liver showed multiple cysts, each cyst formed of thin fibrous capsule and contained numerous myxosporidian spores hepatic tissue had necrosis, degeneration and atrophy of hepatocytes.
Gills with crustacean and protozoal infestation showed congestion of capillaries in the secondary gill lamella with aggregation of mononuclear leukocytes.
Intestine infested with digenetic trematodes showed congestion of the submucosal blood vessels a long with mucinous degeneration of the mucosal lining.