الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
This dissertation presents a complete synthesizer chain for the Bluetooth standard, which is one of the most popular and challenging standards in the 2.4GHz (ISM) appli- cations. The main drawback of the current Bluetooth synthesizers is the dependency on
some cost and area inecient solutions, mainly the use of LC-based VCOs and o -chip filters.
The presented frequency synthesizer presents an innovative fully integrated solution by using a newly developed low noise, wide bandwidth ring-based VCO which depends on inductive peaking. The new VCO has the advantages of a ring-based VCO regarding its compact sizing, compatibility to cheap processes and easily direct porting. The VCO
is capable to provide directly 90o phase shifted signals because of being a two-stage ring VCO, an advantage which is gained over the LC-based VCO. The new idea can tolerate 50% variation in the inductance value and/or quality factor without a signi cant change
in the VCO performance, which is considered another advantage over the LC-based VCOs.
Doing so, the synthesizer design is feasible on any technology starting from BiCMOS technologies to ordinary standard digital CMOS technologies. The synthesizer design passed through three phases: system level design and deriving speci cations for each indi-
vidual block, design of the complete synthesizer chain passing all design stages from circuit level stage till post layout stage, and nally system integration and veri cation. A complete
chip layout is presented. Implemented on a 0.13m standard process; the synthesizer has a phase noise of -120dBc/Hz at 3MHz o set frequency and a bandwidth of 80kHz occupying a total chip area of 0.05mm2.The total power consumption is 40mW from a 3.3V supply.
Key words: Phase Locked Loop, PLL, Bluetooth, ISM Band, Voltage Controlled Os-cillator, Ring Oscillators, Charge pump, Inductive Peaking.