الفهرس يوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Summary
• Avian coccidiosis consider one of the most dangrous problem affect poultry production in Egypt and world-wide. It cause high economic loss due to high morbidity and mortality rate, reduction in weight gain and sever loss due to chemotherapeutic agents used for prophylaxis or treatment.
• In the present study Experiment I was carried out to examine 1565 samples from broiler chicks 3 : 5 weeks of age from Upper Egypt (Assiut, Sohage, El-Menia). Samples included freshly dead or slaughtered chicks. There were examined caecal and intestinal scraping under light microscope to detect coccidian oocysts, our results tabulated in (Tables 1 : 8), (Figs. 1 : 8).
This study revealed the following conclusions:
• prevalence of infection in Upper Egypt 73 %.
• prevalence of infection in El-Menia 70 %.
• prevalence of infection in Assiut 83.6 %.
• prevalence of infection in Sohage 63 %.
• Caecal coccidia is the most common type in Upper Egypt 59.3 %.
• Intestinal coccidia 25.8 %.
• Mixed (Caecal and intestinal) 14.9 %.
• High incidence of infection in Winter season 81.6 %.
• Spring season 74 %.
• Autumn season 68.6 %.
• Summer season 62 %.
• Experiment II was carried out for isolation of caecal coccidian oocyst from infected chicks to make sporulation and sporulate oocysts stock used for experimentally infection in Balady chicks 3 weeks old.
• Expermintaly examine of caecal scraping to detect non sporulated oocysts and schizonts of Eimeria species (Figs. 10, 11).
• Slide from caecal oocyst culture to detect sporulated oocysts (Fig. 12).
• Histopathological examination of affected caecal tissue to detect histopathological change and some steps of Eimeria life cycle (Figs. 13 : 19).
• Experiment III for evaluate dose which cause sever symptoms of infection and high mortality rate LD50 (150000 : 200000).
• Observe clinical signs of coccidiosis (weakness, bloody diarrhea, loss of weight) .
• Macroscopic examination of 2 caecii of infected freshly dead chicks (Fig. 9).
• Experiment IV was extended for 10 days which consists of 150 broiler Balady chicks 3 weeks old of age and was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the most three usable anticoccidial drugs in Upper Egypt farms.
• 150 broiler Balady chicks divided to 5 groups each group contain 30 birds.
- Group I Non-infection healthy control.
- Group II infected non-medicated control.
- Group III infected medicated with Toltrazuril 2.5 % + Vitamin K.
- Group IV infected medicated with Sulfa clozin natric menohydat 30 % + Vitamin K.
- Group V infected medicated with (Sulphquinoxalin + Amprolium) + Vitamin K.
• Artificialy infection at 1st day of experiment occure by using sporulated coccidian oocysts stock.
• Treatment state at 3rd day post-infection.
• Results at the end of study 10 days post-infection.
• Our results revealed that the Toltrazuril 2.5% has a more beneficial effect on chicks growth rate, improved feed utilization, no clinical symptoms or mortality observed, complete arrest of oocysts production and performance index 291 (Table 9).
• The second drug Sulfaclozin natric menohydat 30 % recorded performance index 274.