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Abstract
Summary
The present study was carried out on 72 adult dogs (males and females). The animals were divided into 6 groups each of 12 dogs. Ventral cystotomy incision was done on all groups and then the incision was closed using chromic catgut in group (1), dexon in group (2), vicryl in group (3), polysorb in group (4), silk in group (5) and tissue adhesive in group (6).The effect of these suture materials and tissue adhesive was studied, and the healing process was evaluated radiographically, macroscopically and microscopically.
The clinical findings were recorded. All animals were euthanized at 1, 2 and 3 weeks postoperatively where the gross and microscopic results were recorded.
Clinically, all animals in group1, 2,3,4,5 survived the experimental study without any complication except mild constipation and hematurea which not continued for more than four days. In case of tissue adhesive group, eight dogs survived the study without complication except frequent urination. There are four animals was died after four (3 dogs) and eight (1dog) days postoperatively suffering from signs of uraemia as (dullness, depression, sunken eye, off food, vomiting and excessive water intake).
Radiographically, The urinary bladder appeared normal in all groups at 1,2 and 3 weeks postoperatively. Without any deformity or leakage of urine .But in case of tissue adhesive group four cases showed leakage of urine into abdominal cavity. While in the other eight cases the urinary bladder was observed smaller than normal, shrinked and contracted with deformity in its outline surface mainly at the site of tissue adhesive.
Macroscopically, There were variable degrees of adhesions (mild, moderate and severe) at 1 ,2 and 3 weeks in all groups .The adhesions were 32 case with omental adhesions, 28 cases with omento-peritoneal adhesions and 8 cases with peritoneal adhesions only. These adhesions were observed through the whole length of the suture line on the ventral surface of urinary bladder or just including part from it. In all animals the suture lines appeared hard in consistency with mild swelling .The suture material in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 was not observed from serosal or mucosal surface, Except in case of group 5 the silk suture appeared from mucosal surface with blackish colouration .In group 6 the tissue adhesive was lodged between wound edges and could be detected from mucosal and serosal surface.
Microscopically, The suture line showed complete healing in group 1,2,3,4 and 5, with regenerating transitional epithelium. In case of adhesive group, there was no healing in the mucosal and muscular layer, but there was partial healing with fibrous connective tissue in the serosal layer. The suture material was observed in all groups at 1, 2, 3 weeks postoperatively. In case of catgut group, the suture material appeared contracted and shrinked mainly at 3rd week, and was surrounded by polymorph nuclear cells. In case of group 2, 3 and 4 the suture material were present with variable degree of hydrolysis mainly at 3rd week postoperatively.The suture material was surrounded by heavy leukocytic and fibroblastic cell proliferation with some macrophages and RBC. In case of polysorb group there were some areas showing deposition of calcium. In case of group (5) silk was observed along the study without any change in its position and was surrounded by RBC and leukocytic cell infiltration with formation of pockets or cysts in the mucosa which may act as a nidus for stone formation. In case of adhesive group, the adhesive material could be observed grossly.Scanning electron microscope showed it as irregular mass filling the gap between the wound edges. It was surrounded by leukocytic and fibriblastic cell reaction.
Summary
The present study was carried out on 72 adult dogs (males and females). The animals were divided into 6 groups each of 12 dogs. Ventral cystotomy incision was done on all groups and then the incision was closed using chromic catgut in group (1), dexon in group (2), vicryl in group (3), polysorb in group (4), silk in group (5) and tissue adhesive in group (6).The effect of these suture materials and tissue adhesive was studied, and the healing process was evaluated radiographically, macroscopically and microscopically.
The clinical findings were recorded. All animals were euthanized at 1, 2 and 3 weeks postoperatively where the gross and microscopic results were recorded.
Clinically, all animals in group1, 2,3,4,5 survived the experimental study without any complication except mild constipation and hematurea which not continued for more than four days. In case of tissue adhesive group, eight dogs survived the study without complication except frequent urination. There are four animals was died after four (3 dogs) and eight (1dog) days postoperatively suffering from signs of uraemia as (dullness, depression, sunken eye, off food, vomiting and excessive water intake).
Radiographically, The urinary bladder appeared normal in all groups at 1,2 and 3 weeks postoperatively. Without any deformity or leakage of urine .But in case of tissue adhesive group four cases showed leakage of urine into abdominal cavity. While in the other eight cases the urinary bladder was observed smaller than normal, shrinked and contracted with deformity in its outline surface mainly at the site of tissue adhesive.
Macroscopically, There were variable degrees of adhesions (mild, moderate and severe) at 1 ,2 and 3 weeks in all groups .The adhesions were 32 case with omental adhesions, 28 cases with omento-peritoneal adhesions and 8 cases with peritoneal adhesions only. These adhesions were observed through the whole length of the suture line on the ventral surface of urinary bladder or just including part from it. In all animals the suture lines appeared hard in consistency with mild swelling .The suture material in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 was not observed from serosal or mucosal surface, Except in case of group 5 the silk suture appeared from mucosal surface with blackish colouration .In group 6 the tissue adhesive was lodged between wound edges and could be detected from mucosal and serosal surface.
Microscopically, The suture line showed complete healing in group 1,2,3,4 and 5, with regenerating transitional epithelium. In case of adhesive group, there was no healing in the mucosal and muscular layer, but there was partial healing with fibrous connective tissue in the serosal layer. The suture material was observed in all groups at 1, 2, 3 weeks postoperatively. In case of catgut group, the suture material appeared contracted and shrinked mainly at 3rd week, and was surrounded by polymorph nuclear cells. In case of group 2, 3 and 4 the suture material were present with variable degree of hydrolysis mainly at 3rd week postoperatively.The suture material was surrounded by heavy leukocytic and fibroblastic cell proliferation with some macrophages and RBC. In case of polysorb group there were some areas showing deposition of calcium. In case of group (5) silk was observed along the study without any change in its position and was surrounded by RBC and leukocytic cell infiltration with formation of pockets or cysts in the mucosa which may act as a nidus for stone formation. In case of adhesive group, the adhesive material could be observed grossly.Scanning electron microscope showed it as irregular mass filling the gap between the wound edges. It was surrounded by leukocytic and fibriblastic cell reaction.