الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
El-Saff canal is one of the projects that depend on the reuse of the treated industrial waste water for irrigation to maximize the use of water resources to irrigate the newly reclaimed lands. The treated industrial wastewater of El-Saff canal is blended with Nile water through El Hager canal and Masged Mousa canal by pipe, at 25.00 km and 45.00 km respectively. The main groundwater aquifer in the study area is built of Pleistocene graded sands and gravels interbeded with clay lenses. The groundwater in this aquifer is in hydraulic connection with surface water. The aquifer is recharged by the downward infiltration of the surface water courses that takes place directly from the main irrigation canals and indirectly through the infiltration of the return flow after irrigation. The main objective of the present work is study the impacts of the reuse of the treated industrial waste water released from Helwan and El-Tebbin industries on the quality of irrigation water and on soil characteristics, evaluate the possibility of using both surface water and groundwater as a potential water supply for irrigation and domestic uses, in addition to determine soil texture of the study area. The analysis for surface water indicates that the salinity of El-Saff canal varies from 738 ppm to 1351 ppm and generally decreases southward towards downstream reaches due to mixing with Nile water coming from El-Hager canal and Masged Mousa canal. The salinity of the groundwater is generally decreased westward, towards the River Nile, due to recharge from the canals and irrigation water in the old land. While the salinity increase northeastward, due to Eocene and Pliocene aquifers. The hydrochemical representation of the groundwater, based on Sulin’s diagram reveals meteoric and marine water origin. The leaching of the rock constituents, the topographic position and the downward percolation of the excess irrigation water from the cultivated land constitute the main elements affecting the hydrochemical compositions of the groundwater.
The EC values of soil samples range between 1.38 and 7.30 mmhos/cm. It appeared that the salinity increases gradually towards the south,then a DROP in EC occurred afterwards at km: 28. Therefore the studied soils are mostly salt affected due to continuous irrigation with El-Saff canal before mixing with Nile water, especially in the middle and south parts and the use of this water in irrigation means addition of salts to soil layer annually and may cause a salt crust which causes a serious problem for plant.