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Abstract
Acute pharyngitis is one of the most commen illness for which patient visit primary care physician. According to the national ambulatory medical care survey 2000, in (USA) found that upper respiratory tract infection including pharyngitis is responsible for 200 visit to a physician per/ 1000 population annually The Large disproportion of the case of acute pharyngitis and the antibiotic prescribed for it is either due to tremendous pressure on doctor from patients and their parents to prescribe medication regardless the diagnosis or fear of missing an infection that might result in acute rheumatic fever or in locally or systimatically invasive disease.In the present study the usefulness of (IMCI) guidelines in family practice in reducing prescription of unnecessary antimicrobials will be studied and evaluated .The study aimed to know the role of family physician in the achivement of better childhood health and to determine the prevalence of acute pharyngitis among the children attending primary health centers in Menoufia Governorate, rational use of antibiotics regarding the treatment of cases of acute pharyngitis in primary health care centers according to( IMCI) protocols , Identify the risk factors of acute pharyngitis.The study is cross section study that conducted in the context of time frame from the first of march 2008 to the first of Septemper 2008,from 342 attending care givers who having infants with age ranged from 2 months - to 5 years attending the randomly selected health centers in the time frame of the study, 290 were fit for the study and gave an oral