الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study inclouded two main topics :
First topic: Effect of the respones of growth, yield and yield components
of some maize varieties in ~elation to yield under different soil
water stress conditions.
Second topic : Testing seed qualityfor original seed and produced
grams.First topic : Two field experiments were conducted at the research and
experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture at Moshtohor, Kalubia
Governorate, Egypt during 1997-1998 and 1998-1999 seasons. The target
of these experiments is to find out the effect of the respones of growth,
yield and yield components of some maize varieties in relation to yield
under different soil water stress conditions:
The expermintal design was split plot with four replications.
Irrigation treatments were randomly assigned in the main plots, whereas
maize varieties were allocated at random in the sub plots. The area of
each experimental plot was 16.8m2which consisted of 8 ridges of 70 em
apart and 3 meters length.Treatments were applied as follows:
A: Irrigation treatments: Irrigation at 40% Avialble Soil Moisture
Depltion (ASMD); Irrigation at 600/0 ASMD and Irrigation at
80%ASMD.
B: Maize varieties: Single cross 10 (S.C.10); Three way cross 310
(T.W.C.310);Giza 2(an open-pollinated cv.); Single Cross 152 (8.C.152),
Yellow cv.t’Ihree way cross 352 (T.W.C. 352), Yellow cv.
The effect of the applied treatment on the studied parameter can be
sammarized as follows:
1- There was significant decreased number of days to 500/0tasseling and
silking by increasing availble soil moisture depletion from 40 to 60 and
up to 800/0. Earlier tasseling and silking were observed when maize
plants were irrigated at 80% .~\vailble Soil Moisture Depltion.
2-Giza 2 was of the earliest variety and S.C.152 was the latest one III
reaching 50% tasseling and silking in the two growing
seasons.However, differences between the other varieties (T.W.C.310,
T.W.C. 352 and S.C.I0) were almost ignorable in both of the studied
traits. 3- Interaction effect of soil water stress and grwon maize varieties on tasseling and silking was significant in the two seasons. Giza 2cv
wasthe earliest in tasseling and silking as compared with other
varieties under the modrate (600/0)and/or the higher (800/0)soil water
stress.
4- Increasing Availble Soil Moisture Depltion caused significant decreased
in the height of maize plants. Shortest plants were produced at the
severe soil water stress (800/0 ASMD), whereas tallest plants were
produced at the lowest avilble soil moisture depletion of 40%.
5- Maize plant height was extennely related to each of the grown varieties
with various significant differences in the two grown seasons. The
variety S.C.10 was the tallest plants which was 298.0 and 281.7 em
and Giza 2 was the shortest plants of267.8 and 235.3 ern in the two
13-Dry matter accumulation was enhanced and increased as the avilable
soil water decreased from 80 to 60 down to 40% ASMD.The
respective reduction in dry matter accumulationfor leaves, stems and
ears were about 30,26% and25% for the first season, being 23.0%
,20.00/0and 20.0% for the second season.
14- Maize variety SC10 produce the highest dry matter accumulation for .
leaves, stems and ears as compared with other varieties.
15-The highest dry matter accumualation for leaves, stems and ears was
produced ofS.C.lO cv at 40% ASMD whereas the lowest dry matter
accumulation for the studied parameter was noticed for Giza 2 cv at
80%ASMD .
16- Ear weight was significantlyeffected by the applied soil water stress.
As the ASMD increased from 40 to 60 and up to 80.0%, ear weight
was continously and significantly decreased. This result was true for
the two seasons.17- Heaviest ear weight was produced from the variety S.C. 10 as
compared with other ones with significant differences in the two
growing seasons.Ear weight of such variety was 253.6 and 217.8g in
the first and second season, respectively.
18-The interaction effect of varieties under different soil water stress on
ear weight was significant.Heaviest ear weight was obtained for
S.C.I0 variety under soil moisture depletion of 40%. whereas, the
lowest ear weight was obtained from S.C 152 variety at 80% ASMD.
19-5horter ears were produced as the soil water stress increased.At
ASMD of 40, 60 and 80% the respective ear length was 18.4, 17.4
and 16.6 cm in the first season; and 17.7, 17.3 and 16.1 in the
second season. .
maize varietiesS.C.I0 and T.W.C. 310 were of the tallest ears with
significant differences as compared with the other varieties and
insignificant differences among themselves.
21- Maize varieties S.C.I0 and T.W.C. 310 cvs produced the longest ears
at 40% ASMD. whereas, TWC 352 cv produced the shortest ears at
600/0and 800/0ASMD in the first and second seasons, respectively.
22- As ASMD increased from 40 to 6C and up 80% ear diamter was
significantly decreased.
23-Maize variety T.W.C.352 produced the thickest ears in the first season,
whereas, either T.W.C. 352 and lor S.C. 10 produced the thickest ears
in the second season.
24.At the 400/0ASMD , T.W.C352 cv was of the thickest ears. Moreover,
the thinest ears were produced for S.C.152 cv at the sever ASMD
(800/0).
25-Number of rows/ear was insignificantly affected by the applied
ASMD’s (40,60 and 80%) in the two grown seasons.
26- Maize variety T.W.C. 352 was of the highest number of rows/ear
followed byS.C. 152 cv for the first and second season with significant
differences.Moreover, the variety S.C. 10 was of the lowest number of
row/ear for the two growing seasons.
27- The interaction effect of grown maize varieties under different soil
stress on number of rows/ear was insignificant.
28-As the ASMD increased from 40 to 60 and up to 800/0number of
grains/row decreased. However, the differences in number of
grains/row was insignificant between the lower (40) and medium
(600/0)ASMD for the second season.
29- Maize varieties S.C.I0 and T.W.C. 310 cvs were of the heighest
number of grainslear in the first season with significant differences
among the other varieties. whereas, in the second season only S.C.I0
was of significantly higher in number of grains/row as compared with
the remained varieties.
30- Maize varieties was significant. The variety S.C.I0 at 40% AS1ID
was ruperior in number of grains/row as compared with the other
varieties.
31- Grair: weight/ear was significantly decreased as ASrvID ircreased from
40 to 60 and up to 80%.
32- Heaviest grain weight/ear was produced from S.C.lO cv, followed by
1. W.C. 310 cv with significant differences in the two seasons. The
remained three varieties (T.W.C352, T.W.C.310 and GIza 2) were of
no significant differences in their grain weight/ear.
33- There was significant interaction effect of applied ASMD on grain
weight/ear for the grown maize varieties. The variety S.C.lO cv was
of the heaviest grain weight/ear at 400/0ASMD, whereas S.C.152 and
1.W.C. 352 cvs were of the lightest grain weight/ear at 800/0ASMD.
34- The applied ASMD’s significantly decreased the 100-grain weight of
maize. The lowest ASrvID’S (40%) produced the heaviest grains,
whereas the medium ASMD (60%) caused 7% reduction in grain
weight. Meanwhile, the greatest reduction was obtained when
comparing between the lowest (40%) and the highest (800/0)ASMD
which was about 11.0 and 15.0% in the first and second growing
seasons, respectively with significant differences.
35-Maize variety S.C. 10 was superior in producing the heaviest grain
weight as compared with the other grown varieties for the two seasons
with significant differences.On the other hand, S.C. 152 variety proved
to be of the lightest 100 grain weight as compared with the other
varieties (T.W.C.31 0, T.W.C.352 and Giza 2) for the two seasons.
36-The variety S.C.lO produced hieghest 1Ofl-grain’weight at any of the
applied ASMD’S. Meanwhile, S.C.152 variety produced the lightest
grain weight at the highest ASrvID (800/0)as compared with the other
varieties in the two growing seasons.
37- Grain yield was reduced to 44.00/0and 48.0% in the first and second
seasons, respectively, as the soil moisture status reduced from 40 to
800/0 ASMf)’s. Moreover as the ASMD increased from 40 to 50 and
from 60 to 80 %, the respective reduction in grain yield was 25.0%
and 24.60/0 in the first season, being 29.0 and 27.0°,4 in the second
season with significant differences.
38- Maize variety S.C. 10 was the highest grain yield and S.C. 152 was of
the lowest one in the two growing seasons. The differences among all
of the grown varieties were significant in the second season.
whereas.in the second season there were no significant differences in
grain yield between T.W.C.352, T.W.C. 310 and Giza 2 cvs as well as
between T.W.C. 310, Giza 2 and S.C.152 cvs.
39- There was significant interaction between maize varieties and the
applied Availble Soil Moisture Depletion on grain yield. The heighest
grain yield was produced from S.C. 10 cv at 400/0AS~ and the
lowest grain yield obtained from S.C. 152 cvat 80.00/0AS~ in the
first and second grown seasons.
. 40- Crude protein yield increased as ASMD increased from 40 to 60 and
up to 80 % in the two seasons ..
41-Maize varieties S.C.10 and T.W.C. 352 were of the heighest protein
yield in the first and second season, respectively. Meanwhile the
variety S.C.152 was of the lowest protein yield in the two seasons.
42- Total carbohydrate and oil production decreased continously as the
ASMD increased from 40.0 to 60.0 and up to 80.0%.
43- Maize variety S.C.I0 was produced the heighest total carbohydrate
and oil production~ Meanwhile S.C. 152 was of the lowest total
carbohydrate and oil production in the two growing seasons.
Second topic:
Testing seed quality for the orignal seed and produced grains
inclouded the following:Gennination test, seedling emergance, protein
fraction and isozyme electrophoresis of estrase (Est) a.id Perioxdase (Px).
Results could be summarized as follows : - 1- Seed germination test for the selected maize varieties was within the
acceptable range (> 80 %) ..
2- The germination percentage was not much affected by the increase in
the moisture tension from -5 to -10 atm. This also indicate that the
selected varieties are more promissing for the target of the prop sed
field of study.
3- The increase in the level of moisture stress from -5 attn to -10 attn
decreased plumule length stress index from 87.90/0to 34.0%.
4- Highest plumule length stress index was 71.5% in Giza 2 and the lowest
value was 51.7% for S.C.lO.
5- Increasing water stress from -5 to -10 attn decreased radical length
stress indices.
6- The radical length stress index ranged from 58.90/0for T.W.C.352 cv to
31.5% for S,C.IO cv.
7- Increasing water stress index from -5 to -10 attn decreased dry matter
stress index from 72.2% to 46.2%.
8- Dry matter of seedling stress index ranged from 73.9% for S.C.I52 to
36.9% for T.W.C. 310 cv.
9- The number and location of bands on the molecular weight scale as well
as the percentage of proteins varied according to the grown maize
varieties and the induced ASMD’s.
10- The obtained molecular weight of proteins was ranged from 554.500
to 26.636 Kd.
11- Electrophoretic bands of estrase for S.C.I0 and T.W.l(.310 cvs were
6 whereas for such enzyme S.C.152 and T.W.C. 35:’, cvs contained
4 bands while Giza 2 contained 5 bands. Moreover, such band
number was varied according to the expoced to water stress.
12-Each maize variety containe four protein bands ofperoxodase except
T.W.C.310 cv which had five bands for such inzyme, Exposing maize
varieties to soil water stress of 40, 60 and 80% ASMD lead to a
change in number of protein bands and its Rr values.