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Abstract
Intrathecal (IT) analgesia in donkeys was performed on 32 non-medicated clinically healthy animals of both sexes (17 males, 15 females). The age of these animals ranged from 4 – 9 years old and having an average body weight 80 – 120 Kg.
The animals were classified randomly into 2 groups, a main or neostigmine group (Group I, of 20 donkeys) and a control group (Group II, of 12 donkeys). Each group was further subdivided into 4 equal subgroups.
Neostigmine methylsulfate 0.25% (Episigmine 0.25%, EPICO) was used in different doses to induce lumbosacral IT analgesia in the main group. The control group was injected intrathecally with normal saline (sodium chloride 0.9%).
IT injection of 1 ml (2.5 mg) and 2 ml (5 mg) neostigmine in subgroup Ia & Ib respectively, did not alter sensory perception in donkeys. IT injection of 3 ml (7.5 mg) and 4 ml (10 mg) in subgroup Ic & Id respectively, resulted in analgesia that was started after 12.60 + 5.85 min and 10.70 + 3.04 min from the end of injection and lasted for 33.4 + 2.40 min and 52 + 8.63 min. respectively.
Analgesia involved the triangular flank regions, hind quarters, buttocks, tail, perineum, vulva or scrotum, lateral aspect of the thigh and area over the last 3rd – 7th ribs in different animals. Recumbancy occurred in 3 donkeys in subgroup Id (4 ml). Prolapse of penis was observed in 2 and 3 donkeys in subgroup Ic and Id respectively.
There were symptoms of frequent diarrhea, lacrimation, increased salivation, nasal discharge as well as tremors in different animals.
There was significant increase in body temperature in all animals. Pulse rate showed significant increase in all subgroups except for subgroup Id, as it exerted significant decrease in pulse rate. IT neostigmine produced significant increase in respiratory rate in all subgroups Ia, Ib, Ic and Id. The changes of these parameters (body temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate) were of no clinical importance.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the present study, it could be concluded that IT neostigmine 0.25% in doses of 3 ml & 4 ml gives good analgesia in donkeys that could be satisfactory for surgical operations caudal to the last rib.
The use of neostigmine could be of clinical importance in GIT surgery in donkeys as it induced increase in gut motility lead to a reduction in postoperative ileus.