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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of β-tricalcium phosphate as agrafting material on the bone healing around immediate post extraction dental implants considering integrity of crestal bone and bone density around the implant .
Patients participated in this study were free from any systemic or local health conditions that can compromise bone healing. Ten patients were selected (8 female and 2 males), with ages ranging from 40-60 year. Each patient received two implants were inserted immediately post extraction in the same area bilaterally. One implant was inserted without any grafting material and considered in the group I (control group), other implant were inserted and sealed with β-tricalcium phosphate granules and considered in group II (test group) .
The surgical procedures that applied in this study were performed under local anesthesia. The surgical procedure included atraumatic extraction , drilling through the socket by subsequent drills to the selected depth and width that achieve implant stability and maximum adaptation between the implant and socket wall ,then application of the β-tricalcium phosphate granules in the gap around the implant .after that advancing of the flap was done to to cover the implant an grafting materials
Each patient was evaluated clinically and radiographically immediate post-operative , 6 weeks 12 weeks and 24 weeks . Clinical evaluation included pain ,tenderness, infection ,swelling ,soft tissue healing and implant exposure. On the first day after surgery post operative minimal or no edema was observed and discomfort or mild pain were reported . All patients continued the follow up periods without any signs of infection, gingivitis or Peri-implantitis. Four implant from the group I were observed with cover screw exposure at 12 week follow up .
Radiographic evaluation was done for the bone density and Crestal bone loss. There was significant increase in the bone density in group II in relation to the group I after 6 weeks and 12 weeks, however no significant statistical difference were reported at 24 weeks .there was significant increase in the crestal bone loss in group I in relation to the group II through all the evaluation periods .
CONCLUSIONS
from present study ,it was concluded that :
When β- tricalcium phosphate was applied with immediate implants. It preserved the marginal bone integrity during the healing period . In addition of increasing the bone density level during the healing time .
β- tricalcium phosphate proved to be a suitable osteoconductive bone grafting material that can successfully applied to the extraction socket and to fill the defect around the implant.