الفهرس 
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Abstract
Three field experiments were performed at the Research and Agric.
Experiment Center of the Fac. of Agric. At Moshtohor during 1995/96,
1996/97 and 1997/98 seasons. The aim of this investigation was to study
the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates and foliar application of Folactive on
growth characters.lgrain yield, yield components and quality of wheat cv.
Gemizal.
The sol1 was a clay having alkaline reaction (PH 7.7)., a.M.
content was 2.6%. the available, N,P and K were 45,3”1 and 260 mg/kg
soil, respectively.
The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks
(R.C.B.D) used with four replications.
The first seasons experiment included 20 treatments which were
the combination of five N levels (o~2S,SO,75 and 100 kg N/fad) and four
treatments of foliar application of Flactive as follows:
1- Zero Folactive applied (FO, spray with tap water).
2- Folactive applied at tillering stage (FT).
3- Folatctive applied at booting stage. (FH).
4- Folactive applied twice at both FT and FB, full rate each (FT and FB,
1000/0).
However, Folactive rate was reduced to 50% for the same water
volume in each treabnent of(FT and FB, 500./0) in the 2nd and 3rd seasons.
Folactive is composed of 12% N, 8%, P20S, 8% K20, 400 mg/I Fe,
2000 mgll mg and 100 mg/I of each Mn, Zn, Cu and Bo. Folactive, foliar
treatments were applied at a rate of 656 crrr’. It disolved and sprayed into
328 I water /fad.
Application ofN (as NH4 N03 - 33.5% N) was in two equal doses,
one before the 1st irrigation and the other before the 21ld irrigation. The
normal cultural practices for growing wheat were used. ”
Results could be summarized as follows:
1- Effect of soil application of nitrogen:
1- Growth Characters:
1- Applying 25,50,75 and 100 kg N/fad significantly increased plant
height over the check treatment by 4.8,5.8,6.7 and 5.~% in 1995/96
season and by 7.3, 8.3, 8.3 and 7.3% in (1997/98) season, respectively.
Differences among 25,50, 75 and 100 kg N/fad levels were not
significant.
2- Application of 75 kg N/fad produced the highest number of leaves/
stalk (4.6& 4.15) and the unfertilized treatment gave- the lowest
values (3.3 & 3.5). This was true in both seasons.
3- Flag leaf area significantly increase by increasing N levels up to 75 kg
N/fad.
4- Adding 25 kg N/fad significantly increased number of stalks/m/.
However, the differences among 25,50, 75 and 100 kg. N/fad levels in
both seasons were not significant
5- Dry weight of different plant organs of wheat were not a fTected by
adding N fertilizer in both seasons.
2- Grain yield and yield components:
1- Plant height and number of stalks/mj at harvest were significantly
increased by increasing N level up to 50 kg N/fad. However, the
differences among 25,50,75 and 100 kg N/fad in 1995/96 season as
well as the difference between 50 and 75 kg N/fad in 1997/96 season
were not significant.
2- Application of 50 kg N/fad significantly produced the highest number
of grains/spike and spike grain weight.
3- Application of 50 kg N/fad produced the highest weight of 1000-grain.
However, the differences among zero/25 and 50 kgIN/fad as well as
differences among 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fad in both seasons were not
significant.
4- Adding” 50 Kg N/fad produced the highest grain, straw and biological
yields! fad in both seasons. Such increases over the unfertilized
treatment in grain, straw and biological yields/fad were 46.0, 36.9 and
39.8% in the 1st season and 43.9, 42.0 and 42.9%, respectively.
However, the differences among 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fad were not
significant in both seasons.
5- Harvest index was affected by N application in both seasons.
Application of 50 kg N/fad recorded the highest values of harvest
index (33.1 &27.5).
Chemical composition:
1- Crude protein, phosphorus and potassium percentages in both grain
and straw affected as a result of adding Nfertilizer ..
2- Application of 75 Kg N fad recorded the highest values ofCP% in
grain (11.75% & 11.49%) and straw (2.5% & 2.7OUIO)H. owever, the
differences among N levels on poAt in grain and straw were not
significant.
3- Adding 25 .Kg N/fad. gave the highest K% in grain and straw in both
seasons. Differences among 25,50,75 and 100 kg N/fad levels were
not significantly.
11- Effect of foliar application with Folaetive :
1-Growth characters:
a- All growth characters, namely, plant height number of leaves / stalk,
c • c:. .• 2 ’, . •.. . • ... flag leaf area, number of stalks / m and dry weight of different plant
organs were not significantly influenced by foliar application of
Folactive treatments.
2- Grain yield and yield components:
1- Folactive treatments did not significantly affected plant height,
number of spikes/ m2
, spikes weight! m2, number of grains / spike,
spike grain weight, 1000 - grain weight, and grain yield / fad in both
seasons and number of stalks / m2 in the 15t season.
2- Foliar application of Folactive in different stages of wheat
signi ficantly increa.sed straw yield and biological yield/fad in both
seasons. On the other hand, the untreated plots recorded the lowest
ones. The same trend was obtained in harvest index.
Chemical composition:
1- Foliar applfcation of Folactive at booting stage of wheat plants
significantly increased CPOA. in straw and POA. in grain in the 1st
seasons. However, the difference among Folactive treatments in
chemical composition characters were not significantly.
111-Inteaction effect:
The effect of the interaction between various N levels and
Folactive treatments were not significantly for all studied characters
under study except, number of grains! spike in both seasons, spike grain
weight in 1997/98 seasons and P% in straw in both seasons.
It could be concluded that, application of 50 kg N/fad caused a
significant increase in grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and their
quality. This result indicated that the rate of 50 kg N/fad is recommended
for grain yield and quality of wheat. On the other hand Folactive foliar
application did not significantly affected the most of studied characters .