الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Field studies on common bean (Pha.svolus vulgaris . L) cv. Nebraska were carried out at the Farm of the Horticultural Services Unit at Moshtohor, Kaliobia during the two summer seasons of’ 1998 &1999. Seeds were sown in the field, clay loam soil with pH 7.5, at 26th February of both years. Two separate experiments were carried out as follows: First Experiment:
” Effect of level and source of phosphorus fertilizer on growth, dry seed yield and chemical composition of common bean.”
This experiment included 12 treatments which were the combinations of 4-phosphorus fertilizer levels; (0,24,32 and 40 kg P205/fed) within 3- phosphorus source; calcium superphosphate (SP) 16% P205, monoanamonium phosphate (MAP) 45% P205+ 11% N and diammonium phosphate (DAP) 41% P705 16% N . Treatments were arranged in split plot clesigen with 4-replicates Whereas, P-level served as main plots and P-source served as sub-plots. All treatments receved 40kg N + 48kg K20 /fed. Nitrogen was added as ammonium sulphate (20% N) and potassium was added as potassium sulphate (48%K20). Other agriculture practices were done as commonly followed in the district. Obtined results revealed the follwing: 1.Vegetative growth characteristics :
a-Increasing level of P-application from 0, 24 up to 32 kg P205 /fed. increased vegetative growth parameters; plant !light, number of leaves and branches /plant and stein diameter in one season only. However; fresh and dry weight /plant were significantly increased by increasing level of P- application up to 32kg P205 /fed. in both seasons. Heavy P-application from 32 up to 40 kg P205/fed. did not result any considerable increase in vegetative growth parameters of comtnon bean plants.
b-Results showed that plants supplied with DAP encouraged vegetative growth parameters; number of leaves, fresh and dry weight per plant in both seasons as compared with SP or MAP, in both seasons. However, plant hight, number of branches and stem diameter were not significantly differed due to source of P-fertilizer, as a general trend in both seasons.
c-Concerning with the interaction effect of level within source of 13-application on vegetative growth, results showed that plants received DAP at 32 kg P205 /fed. had significantly higher total fresh and dry weight per plant, as compared withother treatments n both seasons. This result could be referred to the increase in number of branches/plant and stem diameter. However, plant hight and number of leaves per plant were not significantly differed due to the interaction between sources and levels of P-fertilizer in both seasons. 2. Chlorophyll content of leaves:
a- increasing level of P-fertilizer from 0, 24 up to32 kg PA); /fed. gradually and significantly increased chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll as well as carotenoids content of leaves in both seasons . However, application of P at 40 k2 I 0
.32_5 /fed. decreased chlorophyll and carotenoids content of leaves as compared with that of plants received 32 kg P205 /fed.
b-Adding P-fertilizer source as DAP increased chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll as well as carotenoids as compared with SP or MAP, as shown in both seasons.
c-Regarding with the interaction effect between P-level and P-source on chlorophyll and carotenoids content, plants received DAP at 32kg P205 had the highest chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll as well as carotenoids as compared with the other tested treatments in both seasons. Whereas, chlorophyll b was only significantly in the second season.3- Dry seed yield and its components: a. Number of. seeds /pod:
1- Increasing level of phosphorus fertilizer from 0, 24 up to ’32 kg P205/fed. significantly increased ntunber of seeds/pod, especially in the second season.
2-Results showed that all used of P- sources did not affect on number of seeds /pod, as shown in both season.
3-There was no considerable effect on number of seeds / pod due to the interaction between level and source of P- fertilizer. b- Number of. pods per_plant:
1-Increasing levels of P-application from 0 up to 24 kg P205 /fed. gradually and significantly increased number of pods/plant in both seasons. Whereas, increasing P-fertilizer level from 24, 32 up to 40 kg P205/fed. did not significantly affect on number of pods /plant.
2-Adding DAP as a source of P-fertilizer significantly increased number of pods /plant, especially in the first season, as compared with the other sources; SP or MAP.
3-Concerning with the interaction effect of Plevels within P-sources on number of pods/ plant, the most favourabletreatments was DAP at 32 kg P20; /fed. which significantly increased number of pods /plant in both seasons as compared with the other tested treatments. c- Seed index (100-seeds weight):
Increasing P-fertilizer level up to 32 kg P205/fed. significantly increased seed index, especially in the second season. Although, the same tTend was detected in the first season, but variances were not significant
2-IDAP application increased seed index, especially in the second season as compared with the other sources; SP or
NIA’)
3-There \\111S 110 interaction effect between level and source of P-application on seed index, as shown in both seasons. (1- Netting %:
1-Increa.sing levels of P-application from 0 up to 24 or 32 kg 13205 /fed. considerably improved netting % in the first and second season, respectively
2-Adding phosphorus fertilizer as DAP gave higher netting % as compared with the other sources, especially in the second season.
3-No significant differences due to the interaction effect between P-levels and P-sources on netting °A) in both seasons.e- Dry seed pield per plant or per teddan:
1-Increasing levels of phosphorus fertilizer from 0, 24 up to 32 kg P,05 /fed. graduall■,, and significantly increased dry seed yield / plant OF per feddan in both seasons. This increment in dry seed yield /fed. by using P2 leva 32kg P205 /fed. ranged from 37.7 —74.8 °A,) over the control and from 16.87-21.65 % over 131 level; 24 kg P205 /fed, as shown in 1998 and 1999, respectively. This increment was mainly due to the increase in number of pods / plant and seed index. However, increasing 13-fertilizer level from 32up to 40 kg 13205 /fed. did not significantl■,/ increase dry seed yield / plant or per feddan.
2-Results showed that adding P-fertilizer source as DAP gave higher and significantly increased dry seed yield /plant or per fecIdan in both seasons as compared with the other sources, SP or MAP
3-Concerning with the interaction effect of P-level within P-source on dry seed yield /plant or per feddan, results show that plants supplied DAP at 32 kg P205 /fed. gave higher and significantly increased dry seed yield /plant or per feddan as compared with the other tested treatments The superiority of using P2 X DAP versus P2 x SP reached 20.2-37.4 % in dry seed yield ifeddan.4-Chemical constituents of common plant foliage and dry seed: a- N-content of plant fbliame:
I- Increasing levels of P-application from 0, 24 up to 32 kg P205 /fed led to a gradually and significantly increased N-content of leaves, stem and total plant foliage in both seasons. Whereas. increasing P-fertilizer level from 32 up to 40 kg 13,0, /fed. did not significantly increase N-content of plant foliage.
2-Adding 13-fertilizer source as DAP contained higher N% and uptake in stem and total plant foliage as compared with that of other sources; SP or MAP as a general trend in both seasons. However, N% in leaves was not considerably differed due to 13-source in both seasons.
3-Studies showed a significant effect due to the interaction. effect between 13-level and P-souree on N-uptake of stem and total plant foliage in both seasons. Whereas, N-content of leaves were significantly increased in the second season only. The most favourable treatment was DAP at 32 kg P203 as compared with the other tested treatments. P-content of plant Mlioge:
1- Increasing 13-fertilizer level from 0, 24 up to 32kg 13205 /fed led to a significant increase in 13-content of leaves, stem andtotal plant foliage, as shown in both seasons. Heavier, P-fertilizer level from 32 up to 40 kg P205 /fed. did not significantly increase P-content of plant foliage.
2-Results showed that plants supplied with DAP gave higher P-
content of leaves, stem and total plant foliage in both seasons as compared with other P-source; SP or MAP.
3-With rei,,,ard to the interaction effect of’ P-level within P-source
on P-content of plant foliage, studies indicated that plants supplied ■,vith DAP at 32 kg P205 /fed. significantly increased
P-content of leaves, stem and total plant foliage, as shown in both seasons. Whereas, P% in stein was not affected by
interaction effect between level ancl source of P-fertilizer both seasons. - li”-cy)riteirf ()fp/tint ft. )1itri;e:
I- Itieicw;ing lcvel honk 0.24 up to 32Ig
led io significnnt increase in lc-conk:1u leave±,. Yen’ and total plant foliage in both seasons. However. increasing 1)- feifiliter level from 32up Icg P;,(); /fed did noi significanily increase 1K-content of plant Foliage.
2- /Wiling phosphorus frAriliter souscus 3- Results showed a significant increase due to the interaction effect of P-fertilizer level within source on K-content of leaves, stem and total plant foliage as shown in both seasons. The favourable treatment was DAP at 32 kg P205 /fed, as compared with the other studied treatments. d- N, P and K content of dry seeds:
1-Increasing P-fertilizer level from 0, 24 up to 32 kg P2o5 /fed. significantly increased N, P and K content of dry seeds, as shown in both seasons. However, increasing P-fertilizer level from 32 up to 40 kg P205 /fed. did not significantly increase in N PK content of dry seeds.
2-Adding DAP or SP as phosphorus fertilizer sources gave higher N-content of seeds in the second and first season, respectively. Whereas, plants supplied with SP or DAP gave higher P and K-content especially in the second season.
3-Results showed a significant increase due to the interaction effect between P-level and P-source of NPK content in one season only. The favourable treatment was DAP at 32 kg P203 /fed. as compared with the other tested treatments.