الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present investigation dealing with the effect of lupin seeds,
foenugreek seeds, mulberry leaves and nabk leaves as well as their mixture
(in equal parts) on blood glucose level of normal and STZ-diabetic
rats.Also, their effect on liver, kidney, lipids, minerals and haemoglobin
was studied. These herbs were used in two doses 2.7 gm and 5.4
gm/kg b.w. 300 rats (100-120 g) were used in 3 main experiments:
1. Effect of different treatments on normal rats.
This experiment aimed to study the effect of different plants on
blood sugar of normal rats for 16 weeks as well as their effect on hepatorenal
functions, lipids, minerals and haemoglobin.
A total of 132 albino rats were divided randomly into equal 11
groups (12 rats each). The first group remained untreated and served as
control and the other groups of rats w re received normal diet plus one of
the different treatments as follows:
Group 1 : Control rats,received only onnal diet.
Group 2: Received normal diet plus pm (2.7 gm/kg b.w)
Group 3 : ” ” ” (SA gm/kg b.w)
Group 4: ” ” (2.7 gmlkg b.w)
Group 5 : ” ” ” (SA gm/kg b.w)
GrQPP 6: ” ” mulbe (2.7 gm/kg b.w)
Group 7: ” ” ” ” (SA gmlkg b.w)
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Group 8: ” ” nabk (2.7 grn/kg b.w)
Group 9: ” ” ” (5.4 gm.kg b.w)
Group 10: ” ” mixture (2.7 gm/kg b.w)
Group 11 : ” ” ” (5.4 gm/kg b.w)
Blood samples were collected before the start of experiment and then
after 4,8 and 16 weeks. The following parameters were carried out :
hemoglobin, blood glucose, alkaline phosphatase, transaminases, total
protein, albumin , urea, creatinine, uric acid, total and ionized calcium,
inorganic phosphorus, sodium, potassium, cholesterol and triglycerides.
The results of this experiment revealed the possibility of using these
plants as save anti-diabetic agents. No significant toxic effect was observed
during the course of experiment. Ho~ever some fluctuations in some
parameters were noted such as increafes in the level of AST, urea and
cholesterol or decreases in serum totall proteins, albumin in some groups,
but all these changes are in the allowed livels.
2. The rotective
glycemia.
Previous rats which were used in th first experiment were continued in
this part of thesis. The first group 0 animals was redivided into 2 equal
sub-groups, the first remained as nega ive control and the other sub-group
was received STZ and served as positi e control group. The other groups
were also injected with STZ and subject d to the different treatments for 14
days,
STZ was s.c injected in a dose equivalent to 27.5 mg/kg b.w
and then followed by a booster dose after 3 days equivalent to 11.25
mg/kg b.w. Blood samples were withdrawn from the individual rats before
treatment and then after 3,7 and 14 days.
STZ caused a significant increase in bl-sugar by 45.7% after 2 wks
from its injection compared to the control group. The other groups
which received the different plants were displayed a variable response
comparing to the positive control group. It was concluded that NK
leaves and ML leaves at a dose of’ 5.4 gm/kg b.w were significantly
affected bi. glucose level.
3. The curative effect of different treatments against hyperglycemia.
In this experiment, 168 rats wefe used and divided randomly into
I
equal 14 groups (12 rats each). The I first group remained untreated and
served as negative control. Rats in t~e second group were injected STZ
and served as positive control. The rest of groups were also injected with
STZ and subjected to the different ~reatments for 4 wks. Diamicron
(l4.4mg/kg b.w) and Metaformin (45 mg/kg b.w)were used as standard
hypoglycemic drugs.
The results revealed that all plants used have a tendency to playa
role as a hypoglycemic substances. The antidiabetic effect of the different
plants is dependent upon the active constituents and their concentrations as
well as the dose and duration of treatments. The prementioned exerts their
hypoglycemic effect due to the preseef alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids,
nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, glycoproteins and manganese.
The administration of MIX caused a significant hypoglycemic effect
as a protective or curative agent, unfortunately this MIX caused significant
increase in serum cholesterol during the course of experiment. We highly
recommended to carry out further investigation to study the effect of this
MIX on lipid pattern in normal and STZ diabetic animals in short and long
period time. Also, another species of animals i.e rabbits or guinea pigs
should be used in order to assessment the possibility of using this mixture
as a safe antidiabetic agent.