الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was carried out on 28 clinically healthy adult dogs, 18 pales and 10 females, the age of these animals ranged between 24—50 months and they were about 15—30 Kg. body weight. Permanent vascu]ar catheters were implanted into the jugular veins and femoral arteries of these animals using different types of catheters Qith different dianteters, at the same time the flushing solution used for daily weshi.ng of these catheters was a1so different. These enhrpals were randomly assigned to nair, groups each of 7 dogs according to the type of the catheter used, its diameter, sLid the type of flushing solution used.
In this study 4 main types of catheters were used as permanent cannuise . On the first group the ERUp1astic duodenal tube—levin type.CR (10) t.as used for catheterization of the jugular vein, and the sau.e type of the catheter but a smaller diarieter CH (3) as used for cacheterfzation of the femoral artery.
Each dog was premedicated with chlorpromaine hydrochloride 1 ma/kg. body weight intramuscularly, then the animal was intrevenousl-y anaesthettzed by thiopantal sodium 5%. The seats of catheter implantation were prepared for aseptic surgery, the hair was closely clipped and shaved and the skin was dis irnfected with 3% tincture of iodine. The operation fields were then covered with sterile surgical towels.
As to implant the juEular venous catheter, about 2—3 cm of the juu1ar vein was exposed through 4—5 cm skin incision, then tio ers1ik threads ‘care passed around the caudnl and cranial ends of the serinent of the vein to be catheterized, and through a transverse incision in the wall of the vein the catheter was inserted and pushed caudally in the direction of the heart. The caudal and cranial 1ersilk ligatures were tightened firmly around the vein wall to secure the catheter within the vein. The terminal end of the catheter was passed subcutaneously to be grasped and arising from a small skin incision on the animal’s back be— tween the dorsal margin of the two scapulae.