الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Broomrape ( 0» obanche crenate) paresi t1zea on broad
bean ( ~~ taba,L.) in all Governor~tes of Egypt causing
great losses in the vegetative growth and a1ao the seed
yield. The are8 al10ted to broad bean crop is decreasing
yea. after year because of the broomrape parasitism.
More dp~ai1ed study on thia paras! te is necessary to
help in establishing 8n accurate snd practical control
”prog~mme under field conditions. Thia study was carried
out i..lll Payown Governors te on the broad bean p1ttnt.
The obtained reSUlts Can be SUmmarized as follows:-
1- Survey of broomrape (0. crenata ):
8- Rea~lta of the survey of broomrape planta in the
broad beanfieldS during 1982- 198) in all provinces
of Fayoam indicated that very hign infestation of the ”;;~sit:rO~;{’h6ti:e~”1~>i’~”’~hawaiand’~Its~with 100 snd
? !
90 % • respecti •• l”, whereas low infestation was
observed i.a.~anouris province which showed 2% percentage
of infesta’tion.
b- Sev.!rity of intestation with broomrape in broad
b.ean field.i was este bUshed by 350, 300 , 250 , 120 and
25 plants per sqqare meter for Ibahawa1, Itsa, Pa”OUM,
T’ame1ah and Ssnollris, respectively.
c- Pruv10us r••tl1’ts can indicate that the broomrape
”( Orobsncl~ cree” ) is becoming 8 major PrOblem tor
the prClduction of broad bean at FayoumGovernorate,
and the, control of this paras! te must have more attention
. a·nd priority in agrioultural reSearches
2. Isolation and identification of the assooiated fungi:- ”I.·oll:ltion of the associated fungi wi th broomrape I ~••
plant POlrts durillg 1982-1983 season from samples oolleoted
trom ei1~er healthy or unordinary growt~ in broad bean
fields showed that 16, 20,10,18,50,30,)0 and 8 isolates
were identified to the following fungi:
AlternaZlI! ”p.,Aspergillus sP.,Fl18ariUll1”I’. ,PenioilliUll1
ap., ~LzoctOn1a ap., RhizoPua sP., Sclerotium ap. and
VertlcilJ.ium s~.,respectlvely.
3- FathoE:en!ci ty tea ts :
8- E%~eriments tor pathogenicity were carried out
on broanrape plants grown with broad bean in Pot.
durillg th,. season 1983-1984 showed thet i’D1’estauo.tl
- of the soJ,l in the Pots by the aolated’ tllD&ipoew,l.ng on
arley .eclitla d1d not affect the un.der groW1d Parts
ot the bro_lIe. and the seeda stUl ol”n and healthy
WithOlltany eUest after 30,50 and 90 daya t•.••aOlrillg.
b- Ino’~u1at111Cthe shoots ( steas and t’lowers)
in the pretnocll1ated or W1inOClllatedbro_Pe Planta
by the tWlo!;algrolr1ill. all8PeDaioll8ot the isolat.d flUlg1
ah•••••d that the i>1antawUted and b.ca.... dried lind
some parts ot’ the ~oeta rotted. 1D0reoYer the bll1bs
in the 8011 rotted with dark colour and became easy
to separatEt during pulling.
0- Inocfulationa ot the shoota ( steas and f’l owers)
of the bro(urape plants were effective In”the apPe:erence of
the diseasEI symptcms and alao in controlling this
parasite ill broad bean fields than soil infestation.
4- Chemical control:
8- Application of glyphoaate with different concentretions
crr the Intected plants w1th broomrape showed
s’igniflcan1; decrease in number of broomrape plants if
compared .::I.th the inte.ted untreated plants.
HoweVE!r,the high dose of glyphos8te (90 ppa)
aave bette]’ control than the ~ther two doses (SO and
70 ppa’) under the study.
b- UsiILgthe growth regulator indole acetic acid
(IAA) with ditterent doses before applying the glyP.nosate
OD the IDfE!cted planu redLlced the nLUllberot OrobsJlChe
if compareelwith the iat’eoted LlDtreated plants.
Growth cha1”8cterS{ot the host:
a- st •. height aDd root length: The broClUllPe COrobanche crenate ) perasitism
iDhibl t-.dtbe pla_ st_ elongation at later ata..- Ltntil 140
dasa old 8Jld re4 •••• 180 root leqth ot broad beaD 1.f
compared w:L th th~ ooatrol during thi3 stud7. Uai.Dg
glyphosate to control the parasite wi th 50,70 and 90
ppmshowed h~.gh1y significant decrease in plant height
and root length if compared with the infected untreated
plants. Horeover, usdng III before spraYing glyphosate
minimized thl~ injurious eff act of the herbicide on plant
height and rl)ot length but generally still lowax than
e1t her the 11:).£ ected untr eated plants or heal thy ones.
b - Number o:f branches and leaves :
Number o:f branches and leaves of tje infected broad
bean plants with broomrape seems not beclearlY affected
in lIlost of the samples if compared with the healthy plants.
Application of glyphosate with its three concentrations
used and also III on the infected broad bean plants
with broo.prape did not aff ect the number of branches but
decreased the nuaber of leaves than the control.
On the other hand, applying different doses of 1M resulted
an increase in the nu.-b er of leaves only in the last sample
if compared with e1”ber the control or H treat.ent.
C - NUJlber of pods:
BroOllraI:e par881t1s. and applying glyphosate and
III affectec[ grea .•••’ the nUlllberof pods per brOad
bean plant lt1th biehl1 significant decrease if co.pared
with tbe control.
4 - Seed yield :-
OrobanchEI-parasitism decreased the fresh and dlly weight of seeds per plant, and also decreased the fresh weight of
100 seeds. Whereas it increased the dry weight of 100 seeds.
Using glJ’phosate alone or with IAA caused an increase in
the tresh and dry weight of seeds pet’ plant except in the I
and J treatllwnta, which showed a decrease in this J:’espect.
On t he o1:h~ hand , using glyp hosste alone( 50 and 90 ppm)
or with III caused a highly decrease in the fresh weight of
100 seeds whElress the doae of 70 ppm glyPbosate alone or
with III !ncl1eased it •
Chem1cal composition :
a - Nitrogen content :-
There Waf I in general a continuous increase in total N
content in relots, shoots and pods during the period of
plant gr owt h •
The beal1:h3’plota, was greater in their N content than
either treatod or •• treated inf ected plants.
Nitrogen content ot the parasite also increased
reaching its aaxi •• in 4ib sample. Using glJPbosate
and III decroased Wi’content of the parasite.
b - Phosphorus content : -
To’~al phosphorus c ont ent of the roots, shoots,
pods and Orobanche in all treatment. generally increa~ed -= continously in all samples. Moreover, the he~lthy plants
recorded the highest v~lue in thi::3respect.
c - potassium content :
p,)ts:Jsium content in the differentpart3 of the
healthy plants ( roots, ahoots and pods) and O=robanche
cenera lly increased t awards rnaturi ty more than the parta
of the infected plants • Glypho~ate increased total K
cont.ent of the different parts of the infected plents t
whereas reduced K content of Orobanche in this study.
d - CalciuJn content :
calcium content was generally increaaed in the
roots, shc.ots and pods of the ho.::J t and Orobanehe till the
last sample. Ca content of the heel thy plant9 wa9 higher
than eith4!r trea:ted or untreated infected ones.
e _ Reducin! sUl!r content :
Reducing sugar content both of •• althy roots and
shoots illcreaset markedly resening its maximum at 5 ~
sample. Infec-.d plants either treated or untreated 3howed
8 ~arked deer •••• in reducing augers. These sugars 1ncre
83ed
in pods and Or_aDohe e1ther in treated or untreated plants
;-’
during t~ls st4dY.
f - Non -reducinc suc~r content :
Non reducing sugar content of the roots ~nd shoots
generally increased from the first till the 4 th sample
and then tended tcdacrease till the la3t one. Whereas
pods recorded a continuou3 increaJe during their
development and al~o Orobenche in either treated or
untreated i~£ected plants. Glyphodate greatly decjessed
non-reducing augar content in the parasite.
c - Total augar content
Tetel augar content in roots snd shoots i~creased
markedly till the 5.i!! sample, th~ dec readed due to
the translocation of sugars to p~ds. Total sugar content
”,of Orobanche, a130 increased till the last sample. Treating
the plants with glyphosete and IAA reduced the sugar content
in the variou~ plant partJ.
6 - Biolocicel con’rol ;
a- Inocu18tio~ in the broomr~pe ~lant~ grown with
broad bean plants in pots by spraying the fungal growth
suspensions of the previous isolated fungi three times
at 90,110 and 130 clays after sowing showed that all
inoculated planta tn all tree GuJentstended to dry
with dark colour a~ t~Ded thin and loose at ~ulling.
b- Redults indic8t~ that Pu.3sriwnlap., Bhlzoctoni. ap, ,
Sclerotium SP.~I .!!t’r.rla ap ,, an,!Rhizopus ap. were
pathogenic and affected seed germin~ticn of broomr~p~
plantJ after inoculationa with 3eed germination of
28.8 % . 38.6 %, 45.6 % , 23.6 % and 67.6 % , re~pectively
Wherea~ no apparent reduction in 3eed germination
was noticed in case of Adpergillud s p,”a” and lib” and
Fe nicillium sp ,, bee 8 U-3e it WU 3 sLmd Lsr tot hf’> control.