الفهرس 
الباب الاولOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 219 |  |  |
| | | from | 219 | | |
Abstract
Wiil is considered as one of the mest important el.ement in
hu.m.a.n diflt, since it conta:i.nsthe essential f’::od nutriemts
needed by children, adults and older people 0 It is genera1.~-,~r
composed of body building proteins, bone bUlldll~ calcuim)
health promoting vitamil,s and mineral saltS, and energy producing
sugar 84d fats.
Fr$ID the economoc point of view, milk production contributes
considera; bly to the animal pr~ductj-~n i~c0me ~d consequentlY
to the ~ricul tural. income. ; ~ Egypt, the level of ~ilk prnd~ction haS been raised
I during Ithe last 2 decades, but it is still lower than in the
develo~ci d countriesl In spite of the achieved increase in the
yearly Ii amourrt of milk produc tion;>e:rol>pitc e-m sumption is low
and betOW the standard. Statistical studie~ showed that this
estimafie decreased from 48.62 Kg in 1968 45.4 Kg in 1978 and
is exprcted to be reduced to 43.6 Kg iL 1990 and to 42.5 KZ
in 20qIO~ This decrease in milk percapita consumption is mainly
! due ti’ the rapid increase in the EgYl!tion human population.
All t ese observations called for giving much efforts to
incre se milk productivity of different ~_ivestock species
whichi contribute to mt.Lk pron.ucti.on -i 1’1 tl-J..is country specially Due’ to the fact that 90 % of the local dairy cattle are
ovmed b,y; farmers, .the extension orgailization tried its best
for raising the effeciency of milk production by encouraging
farmers to use Friesian bulls in crossbreeding their oows,to
artificially insiminate them using Friesian Semen and to plant
Napier Grass for feeding their dairy cattle in pummer.
In~pite of the efforts made by the extension organization
in impr~ving the productivity of local dairy cattle, it is
still Ln ferior than that of european catt:le in the develpped
coUntries. This called the auther to study the role of
extent~pn organization in this respect.
Research Objectives
The ob~ectives of this research can ’c e determined in recognj..z.ing:
1- The iI role of extension means and methods as a source of
!I • inf~rmation concerning milk productivity of Friesian cattle
I . and I their crosses with Egyptian local cattle, artificial
mination, and cultivating Napier grass.
acles that encounter using 3rtificial inSemination
the genetic merit of local dairy cattle.
5- ect of orossing Looaf, dairy cattle with Friesian cattle
on! milk prsdui tivi ty o:f ’the·locaJ..dair:f-_.cat-t1.e~
characteristics of the faXJ.nerswho adopt ificial Lnaend nation by using Friesian semenfor
cultivating Napier grass.
3- Di :ficuJ.ties that face the Egyption farmers when raising
cattle and their crosses with locol cattle- Research.HypotheseG
There : is a posi~ive relationship between tho dezree of
f armors a~opt i on of artificial- inSeJl]ination-.pis.c tice and theU’
personal ~achteusticS.
There is a positive re~ati8nship between orosaing and
grading E~yption catt~eand the deve~opment of their milk
producti~itY ~_d its econ~c returns~
Research Methods
After determining objecti~esand setting hYPothesis of tho
studY a questionnaire WaBdesigned for gettL~ needed
informations thi’ough inteJl’idewL1/; the ramp~e farmers in
Demiatt a Governerate. The sample is composdedof 152 f=ors .
who.ina~ted their cows a.I’tificial~y in the artificial
insemi~eX<L.:fDT-<>t .1-6a.a1:-2 .~-,. .t1lo;r’OughOt uthe
period !from 1978 to 1980 inclusive,
AIj-”lysis of variance, Chi square and ~eaBt signUi
cant differrnIce tests were applied for the statistical analYsis
of thei data. Results
1.- ~’pnal_ chara.ctu.etucs
~f the total. number of the farmers SB!IlP~eit was
obserred that 5~.97% titerate{KnoW how to read and-m:;\j;e- -nell)
6~.1 % were over 40 years o~d, 59.21% oValedlesS thnn 5 F~ddans.
(l.16%possessed leSS than 10 farm aIdmels. 64. 48%li vea.
in F .~ics of more than 4 chi1.dren, 61.008%had contacts with
GJ.62% had f:onta.ctswith masS l~ediat 7.79% were meWeocal orgar!p.zationa, 1~.8% were joining political parties and
100 % had $cceSS to the tovm.
T,estiMs$ti3tical h’ypothese,E.; ..
Acsu~ts of the statistical tests shoWQd that educ~~ion
level, m~Imbership in social organization and political
parties, ¥i ze of farm animal ownership e,q>osure to mass l!lidea,
I cosmopoli~ance, a.”l.tdhe un-twe of cows in field work, had
highly s~ificro,t Effects, (r.O•Ol) ,mile ege of.the parm
ers contact!4g with changing egents had only significant effect
(P;O.{)~Jon the degree of adopting artificial inseminatiorh
..~ On the ccn-trdrJl size of the fa.~ly, size of the land owners~PI
ownership of tractors ~d irrigation machines, source of
obtaining Freaisian crossbreed CoYlS , the distance between f
farmers homes and the vetrtnary unit had no picnifiCant effect
in adop~ing artiIicial insemnation.
~lYsis of variance proved that Friesian corssoereedS
surpassed SignificantlY ( P.O.O~) local c~ttle in milk .
product~vitY per head/year.
T~e annual net inCone was ~S9.47 poundS per head of the
Friesi4n crossbEBeds and anly 7.45 poundS per head of the
local ~attJ.e.
3- ~~noion teach!ng met~odS:
I T~e extention teaching methods cou~d be
arranged o.CC ording
·{5)
to i:llor3!”5 t:,. foxnors with =~~t1.D”-’
]i’ri e~i,,”’ caH le o.;ld thei” sr:>eSas >’1th 1oc0.1 MVlS, ”””li!
chDJJ&i.nb D.G O:tJ.S C0.,,10 fir St (19 •Mb)t:lO:J.f 011- owed by
Nl.:JL t i.ve S =d. II oig,h.J:rousr (1.9.01) a:J.d. fi” f J-ly t eJ.eviai!).
b- For inIorillinS Oll Friesian cattle ”,,~dthoir c~ss~s with
uco.l cattlo. roldives and lloi.:;b.bOurs co.;11efirst,
(34.22
,,) t~Cll followed by socio.l eh~O or~aniza~
o.nd fil’l311,1 ro,di~ (3. 95~~).
,*ors as follow”: cbDnVor; .,gent s (51. 16;,), relJ:cl;.1’w’eJl
tW
d
nei:;b.b:JID’S (36 .oa;;), nocio.l ch~e circo.:rl.Zeti
oilS
(~” 25,;), ezt on”Lon .ur;o.z Lr es (4. 3e.» , ””,i finnllY
tiolovisi ~D. (l. 75 ~S).
4- ~~bO@ for ut~zjp’; nrt1ficio.l~o~tioa:
C\- l:>c l:J11e dint”,,’co between formal’S hoJ.oS ”””ldthevetr:tne.r.1
F! ’it ””s· the obstacle facinG 33.55”, of the f3r,erB of
!Ithe sol1:;?lc.
;...”bi11ty of se:len an.d
technicians for artificoJ.
Ii::l3e:;rl.;:l.o,L:>i:;J1. the prtJ)or ti;J.e was the proble
ill of 72.S s. dbfiicul ty 0f 33. 55 ’,~ of t~le so.~x:)l:J.
d- ~h” ?”eseuco ef loc~ bulls tu thcSt30lo .nceur~e~ fhe
grasD caused d:ifficlUes fer 11.4) ~;e.”l~ 25 ~, ’)f t11e
so.:~lple reSpectivelS’·
6- pgLi.9_~j;_~ ~~..aL~’1..U~. 42.t~.e~ll_!.o.:’L.s-~!’}”1-_~.~~,g].:913A-e..l;J.:
Fifty 0ae far~ers indicated thut raisinG Friosian crJsse
s he.ve ””on fnced w1. th SO’01ed:1fficult1.es, ). 92’-15.68,5.
1.96, 7.15, 5,86 and 58; 6),’ of t:”’Dl defined t:J.o difi.igll,.J.-tLilBno
be duo to :n:ilk fever r: ari.lk·fP-7,.r -wi’- ,,::Io :l-o”’~ of: :foo~, .
!Jj,SBas-es-e.;ldlo”,level of nutri tUn, d:1seases, =o,da;>t0.0L-i ty
t o c1i:l1Ctt\c Mnditi ens, lack of f 0 od, lac:r ef feod X’d the
neoesS ty fer ,’0100 eforts in cleo”un:; o.nd husbandry. rea:;>eot:l-vel:’
Researoh. Rec0:a;:,l9nQ2.ti 0:1
it is advisable ta reco~nise tho farJc~s having the
~haract3Xiat:Les leaiJ.ing to lliE,h d<;gree ef a,de”tien as sh::Hl”-in
the re~e~ich results.
2- Su~stitut’ng l’)co.l cattlo with Frieaicn crossbreede
i s~l?uld teJ.:e?~8.Gg,
!J- ’Llo ”yehle”’” ef applying Artiftcial inse:n1=ti
e” and calttvo,
ting :1e,:;>iergr<oss slo.Quldbe aoLveil ””d ade;>tillS such
p~0ctices should be onc~urnged.