الفهرس 
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Abstract
The thesis consists of four chapters as follows:
Chapter one is a brief review of the elements of the theory of general relativity, which will be used in this work.
In chapter two, we derive the geodesic deviation equation for a general two-dimensional static black hole. Also, we introduce exactly solvable examples of time-like geodesic motion and geodesic deviation of well-known two-dimensional black holes.
In chapter three, the radial motion along null geodesics in non-charged and charged black holes are studied. We analyze the properties of the effective potential and investigate the circular photon orbits in these black holes.
In chapter four, the physical effects of the gravitational field between test particles in static black holes are studied, using the tidal forces.