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Abstract
This work was carried out to prepare, evaluate and compare of two different adjuvants which are aluminum hydroxide gel and Montanide ISA 206 oil adjuvant.
In the present study, we analyses to study the following:
1- Preparatin of new oil adjuvanted vaccine using Montanide ISA/206 with its potent immunostimulant effect and the prepared vaccine induced long lasting protected antibody titers.
2- Possibility of usage of the prepared oil vaccine in the emergency vaccination.
3- Increase the shelf life of the vaccine in Egypt.
4- Easily formulation and production of the vaccine at any time in a very short time.
This work was done in the following experimental design steps
1- Preparation of FMD vaccine with aluminum hydroxide gel and Montanide ISA/206 oil adjuvant.
2- Evaluation of the prepared vaccines by sterility, safety and potency tests.
3- Determination of Guinea pigs PDso to the two prepared FMD vaccines.
4- Evaluation of the Humoral immune response by vaccination of cattle and measure the antibody titers by means of SNT and ELISA tests (using Vaccine prepare with Montanide ISA/206 oil adjuvant.
5- Evaluation of cell mediated immune (CMI) response in vitro using lymphocyte transformation test or blastogenesis in vaccinated cattle with Montanide ISA/206 oil adjuvanted FMD vaccine.
6- Studies on the rate of development of protection in cattle vaccinated with ISA/206 oil adjuvant against FMD by exposing vaccinated animals after 4 days post vaccination to challenge with FMD virus (in order to test vaccine efficacy in emergency vaccination).
The obtained results from all the previous investigations may be summarized as follow:
1- The two prepared vaccines were sterile, safe and give protection to the animals exposed to challenge after 21 days post vaccination.
2- The Guinea pigs PDso of aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvanted FMD vaccine was 45 (1.67 GPPD50 log10) and for Montanide ISA206 adjuavnted FMD vaccine was 87(1.94 GPPD50 log10).
3- Serum antibody protective titers against FMD in calves vaccinated aluminum hydroxide gel adjuvanted vaccine evaluated by SNT and ELISA started at 2nd week post vaccination. The higher antibody level following vaccination was at the 8th week. The mean of antibody titers continued with the protective level till the 18th week post vaccination, and then started to decline under the protective level.
4- Serum antibody protective titers against FMD in calves vaccinated with double oil emulsion with Montanide ISA 206, evaluated by SNT and ELISA started at 2nd week post vaccination. The higher antibody level following vaccination was at the 8th week. The mean of antibody titers continued with the protective level till the 34th week post vaccination, and then started to decline under the protective level.
5- The immune response (cellular immunity) appeared to be increased from the 3rd day post vaccination using FMD vaccine adjuvanted by gel and Montanide ISA/206 oil. The peak of cell mediated immunity appears at day 14th post vaccination.
6- The vaccine prepared with Montanide ISA 206 oil adjuvant can be used for emergency vaccination because animals exposed to challenge after four days revealed no symptoms or lesions of FMD.