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Abstract
This study has been carried out at the Nuclear Materials Authority (NMA) in the Beryllium oxide extraction project and the Geology Department (Helwan University) within the frame of scientific channel system between them.
Beryllium is not a metal that is often encountered everyday. Although more abundant in the earth’s crust than silver, it is more expensive and difficult to produce. The metal itself is very rarely seen, a grey metal formed mainly by powder metallurgy when used as a metal, but more commonly appears as a minor constituent in alloys.
Beryllium is a constituent of about 40 identified minerals, but most are rare. The most common beryllium mineral by far is beryl, 3BeO•Al2O3•6SiO2. This is a hard (Mohs 7.5-8.0), relatively light (sp. gr. 2.75-2.80) found in granitic rocks, pegmatites, mica schists and similar country rocks.
Beryl is the principal ore mineral for beryllium in Egypt. It is found in the Eastern Desert in the schistose rocks of Zabara-Umm Addebaa belt (ZDB) and in the granitic masses of Homret Mikpid and Homer Akarem and it is found also in Sinai at Wadi Ghazala and Wadi Sedri.
Zabara-Umm Addebaa belt has a unique source of beryl, because it was accumulated by the Ancients who were presumably hunting only for the emerald quality beryl, leaving behind huge dumps rich in refused non-gem crystals of beryl.
This research work includes mineralogical and beneficiation studies on the beryl ore because the content of beryl in the dumps isn’t suitable for the chemical processing techniques for extraction beryllium oxide. Preconcentration of the ore must be done to raise the percentage of beryl in the ore to the suitable grade.
To realize these objectives, several steps have been taken place:
1- Identification of beryl and the most common associated minerals.
2- Study the suitable physical dressing methods for concentrating beryl from the other minerals.
3- Optimization of the relevant factors and conditions which control the techniques.
4- Show all the recommended procedures of concentration in a flow sheet.