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Abstract
This thesis aims at presenting a thorough study on the literary works of three distinguished expatriate women writers; namely, Taslima Nasrin, Doris Lessing and Jean Rhys. Their literary works are discussed in terms of two schools of criticism: ‘Gender Criticism’ and ‘Feminist Criticism’. This thesis is divided into an introduction, three chapters and a final conclusion.
The introduction aims at highlighting the distinction between feminist and women literature through an introductory survey and an analytical study of gender criticism and feminist criticism as well as the latter’s different phases and types; namely, Islamic, political and cultural feminism. In addition, the study focuses on the influence of culture and gender on the works of the women writers and how they are affected by oppression which results in exile.
The first chapter is devoted to presenting an analysis of Taslima Nasrin’s Meyebela: My Bengali Girlhood (1998). In addition, this chapter sheds light on the features of Islamic feminism and how Taslima Nasrin could be analyzed in the light of a feminist preoccupied with the oppression of females in a male - dominated society which, in turn, leads her to be a physically and psychologically alienated writer.
Within the framework of the second chapter, Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook (1962) and its relation to political feminism are discussed, pinpointing the condition of how living in a disintegrated and fragmented modern world pushes females to fall under male oppression and, consequently, live in a physical as well as a psychological exile. Thus, Doris Lessing’s feminist tendency could be traced in the novel.
Chapter Three presents an analysis of Jean Rhys’s Good Morning, Midnight (1938) and its relation to cultural feminism. She presents women living in isolation who sense the absence of society and are always in search for men who could help them overcome their problems. However, this leads to their subjection to oppression and subsequently to physical and psychological exile. Women searching for men is a subject that leads to Jean Rhys being categorized as a woman writer.
As a result of this analytical and critical study of the three novels from the perspectives of the schools of criticism, the conclusion summarizes all the findings which the researcher intends to prove. Moreover, it also focuses on the results and recommendations on the works within the framework of the two schools of criticism.
This study includes a bibliography with primary sources, including the titles of the three novels. In addition, it also includes secondary sources on the feminist criticism, feminist literature, and gender criticism as well as sources on the above mentioned women writers with their works.